我国存款保险制度实施合理性及完善措施

发布时间：2018-06-30 19:07

本文选题：存款保险 + 金融改革　；参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：银行业在当代金融体系中居于十分重要的位置,但银行业同样也具有高风险聚集的特点,所以很多国家为防范风险,都设立了保障安全性的网络,在此安全网络中,存款保险制度必不可少。数十年来,国内一直采用的是隐性存款保险,在银行业出现破产危机时,由政府负担清算及赔偿。在新的环境下该制度已不再适应中国的国情,原因之一就是目前逐步开放的银行业使得银行业竞争日趋剧烈,随着金融体制改革的不断深入,未来将有一部分中小金融机构被整合或者退出市场,因此迫切需要引入存款保险制度来规避金融机构倒闭造成的负面影响,有效抑制银行间风险传染性,以防出现挤兑现象,切实维护储户利益、维持金融稳定。2015年3月31日《存款保险条例》的颁布,标志着我国显性存款保险制度步入实施阶段,也是中国金融改革历程中的一大举措。本文在回顾和总结与存款保险相关文献的基础上,首先剖析当前阶段在国内推行该制度的必要及可行性,发现中国宏观经济运行平稳并且经济结构日趋优化,银行资产总量处于全球领先位置,监管环境正在不断改进,法律体系也较为完备,因此总体上而言,当前引入存款保险制度合时宜。但是仍有一些需要改进和完善的方面,比如我国的银行业务同质化严重、竞争力有待提高,监管体系有交叉重叠也有空白,并且与破产银行有序退出相关的法律法规亟需完善等。基于对其他国家存保制度设立背景和设计内容,以及对我国自身制度环境的充分剖析,本文从中国存保制度的设计作了解读,包括对中国存保制度设立过程、目标、《存款保险条例》重要细则,以及条例细则与存保制度目标一致性。并基于以上基础上指出在当前中国特色社会主义市场经济背景下,实施《存款保险条例》面临的困难。然后借鉴了存款保险制度在美国和日本两个国家产生的背景和制度设计内容,并指出了其对中国的借鉴意义:一方面确定存保制度执行单位的职责为事前监管事后赔偿;另一方面要重视巩固存款保险制度法律基础,使存款保险制度能与法律很好衔接等。根据其他国家经验,对我国当前困难提出相应政策建议。
[Abstract]:The banking industry occupies a very important position in the contemporary financial system, but the banking industry also has the characteristics of high risk accumulation, so many countries have set up a network to safeguard the security in this security network. The deposit insurance system is indispensable. For decades, implicit deposit insurance has been used in China. In the event of the banking bankruptcy crisis, the government pays the liquidation and compensation. In the new environment, the system is no longer adapted to the national conditions of China, one of the reasons is that the banking industry is gradually opening up at present, which makes the banking industry increasingly competitive. With the deepening of the reform of the financial system, In the future, some small and medium-sized financial institutions will be integrated or withdrawn from the market. Therefore, it is urgent to introduce deposit insurance system to avoid the negative impact caused by the failure of financial institutions, and effectively restrain the risk contagion between banks, so as to prevent a run on the banks. The promulgation of the "Deposit Insurance regulations" on March 31, 2015 indicates that China's explicit deposit insurance system has entered the stage of implementation and is also a major measure in the course of China's financial reform. On the basis of reviewing and summarizing the relevant documents of deposit insurance, this paper first analyzes the necessity and feasibility of implementing this system in China at present, and finds that the macroeconomic operation of China is stable and the economic structure is becoming more and more optimized. Bank assets are leading the world, regulatory conditions are improving, and the legal system is relatively complete, so overall, the introduction of deposit insurance is timely. However, there are still some aspects that need to be improved and improved. For example, China's banking business is becoming more homogeneous, its competitiveness needs to be improved, and the regulatory system has overlapping and gaps. Moreover, the laws and regulations related to the orderly withdrawal of bankrupt banks are in urgent need of improvement and so on. Based on the background and design content of other countries' deposit insurance system, as well as the full analysis of our own system environment, this paper interprets the design of China's deposit insurance system, including the establishment process of China's deposit insurance system. Objectives, important details of the Deposit Insurance regulations, and consistency of the rules and regulations with the objectives of the Deposit Insurance system. On the basis of the above, the paper points out the difficulties faced in the implementation of Deposit Insurance regulations under the background of the current socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics. Then it draws lessons from the background and design content of deposit insurance system in the United States and Japan, and points out its significance to China: on the one hand, it determines that the responsibility of the depository insurance system executive unit is compensation after supervision; On the other hand, we should pay attention to consolidating the legal basis of deposit insurance system, so that the deposit insurance system can be well connected with the law and so on. According to the experience of other countries, this paper puts forward corresponding policy suggestions to our country's current difficulties.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F832.22

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