外商直接投资对区域技术进步的门槛效应研究
发布时间：2019-03-13 18:20
【摘要】：中国外商直接投资流入量近年来持续攀升,终于在2014年首次跃居全球第一,外资规模达到1196亿美元。通过外商直接投资东道国可以有机会学习和掌握技术溢出国先进的技术,但要想迅速提升技术水平并将这种技术外溢波及到整个行业、地区甚至全国,则需要一套优良的技术吸收能力体系。事实是FDI的技术溢出效在中国不同地区所产生的影响效应存在差异,不是所有的地区都能够获得外商直接投资带来的积极“溢出”。部分已经跨越经济发展门槛的地区,依赖其较强的经济基础和较好的消化吸收能力,能有效的吸收和利用溢出国的先进技术,外商投资会产生积极的技术溢出;而另一些还未能越过门槛条件的地区则不能,这也就意味着外商直接投资的溢出效应存在着“门槛”,只有区域的综合吸收能力到达一定的水平值时,外商投资的溢出才会充分显现。因此,研究这个“门槛”具有一定的现实意义。本文采用定量与定性相结合的分析方法,研究我国29个省市自治区外商直接投资对区域技术进步的门槛效应。首先是运用《中国统计年鉴》和《各地统计年鉴》的有关数据对我国外商直接投资流入总量、产业布局和区位选择特征进行统计描述。其次,以2000-2013年的面板数据,分别构建以人力资本、金融深度、RD密度和技术差距作为门槛变量的非动态面板回归模型,确定门槛效应在FDI对区域技术进步关系的影响。最后,将各地的各个门槛变量的2013年具体值与估算出的门槛值作对比,确定该地区所处在的门槛区间。实证结果是,人力资本和金融深度存在单门槛效应,RD密度和技术差距存在双门槛效应。FDI溢出效应呈现的结果在不同门槛区间存在显著差异:单门槛变量只有跨过门槛值,处于高于门槛值的区间内时,FDI才显示积极溢出效应,而双门槛变量值则是处在两个门槛值中间区域时,FDI溢出效应最为显著。综上,本文提出了宏观调节外资的区位布局、加大中等教育以上投入力度、完善金融结构、鼓励外资公司科研活动本土化和增强企业自主创新能力等政策建议。
[Abstract]:China's foreign direct investment inflows continued to climb in recent years, finally leaping to the world's top spot for the first time in 2014, with foreign investment reaching $119.6 billion. Host countries through foreign direct investment may have the opportunity to learn and master advanced technology in technology-spilling countries, but in order to rapidly upgrade the level of technology and spread such spillover across industries, regions and even the whole country, Then need a set of excellent technical absorption capacity system. The fact is that the technology spillover effect of FDI is different in different regions of China, and not all regions can obtain the positive "spillover" from FDI. Some areas that have crossed the threshold of economic development rely on their strong economic base and better digestion and absorption capacity, can effectively absorb and utilize the advanced technology of spillover countries, foreign investment will produce positive technology spillovers; But other regions that have not yet crossed the threshold condition cannot, which means that there is a "threshold" in the spillover effect of foreign direct investment, and only when the comprehensive absorptive capacity of the region reaches a certain level, The spillover of foreign investment will be fully revealed. Therefore, the study of this "threshold" has a certain practical significance. In this paper, the threshold effect of foreign direct investment in 29 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions on regional technological progress is studied by means of quantitative and qualitative analysis. Firstly, the data of China Statistical Yearbook and Local Statistical Yearbook are used to describe the total inflow of foreign direct investment, the industrial distribution and the characteristics of location selection in China. Secondly, based on the panel data from 2000 to 2013, a non-dynamic panel regression model with human capital, financial depth, RD density and technology gap as threshold variables is constructed to determine the impact of threshold effect on the relationship between FDI and regional technological progress. Finally, the specific value of each threshold variable in 2013 is compared with the estimated threshold value, and the threshold interval in which the region is located is determined. The empirical results show that there exists a single threshold effect in human capital and financial depth, a double threshold effect in RD density and technology gap, and a significant difference in the results of FDI spillover effect in different threshold ranges: the single threshold variable only crosses the threshold value. When the threshold value is higher than the threshold value, FDI shows positive spillover effect, while the double threshold variable value is in the middle region of two threshold values, the FDI spillover effect is the most significant. In summary, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions, such as macro-adjusting the location distribution of foreign capital, increasing the investment of secondary education and above, perfecting the financial structure, encouraging the localization of scientific research activities of foreign-funded companies and enhancing the ability of independent innovation of enterprises and so on.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F832.6;F124.3
本文编号：2439648
[Abstract]:China's foreign direct investment inflows continued to climb in recent years, finally leaping to the world's top spot for the first time in 2014, with foreign investment reaching $119.6 billion. Host countries through foreign direct investment may have the opportunity to learn and master advanced technology in technology-spilling countries, but in order to rapidly upgrade the level of technology and spread such spillover across industries, regions and even the whole country, Then need a set of excellent technical absorption capacity system. The fact is that the technology spillover effect of FDI is different in different regions of China, and not all regions can obtain the positive "spillover" from FDI. Some areas that have crossed the threshold of economic development rely on their strong economic base and better digestion and absorption capacity, can effectively absorb and utilize the advanced technology of spillover countries, foreign investment will produce positive technology spillovers; But other regions that have not yet crossed the threshold condition cannot, which means that there is a "threshold" in the spillover effect of foreign direct investment, and only when the comprehensive absorptive capacity of the region reaches a certain level, The spillover of foreign investment will be fully revealed. Therefore, the study of this "threshold" has a certain practical significance. In this paper, the threshold effect of foreign direct investment in 29 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions on regional technological progress is studied by means of quantitative and qualitative analysis. Firstly, the data of China Statistical Yearbook and Local Statistical Yearbook are used to describe the total inflow of foreign direct investment, the industrial distribution and the characteristics of location selection in China. Secondly, based on the panel data from 2000 to 2013, a non-dynamic panel regression model with human capital, financial depth, RD density and technology gap as threshold variables is constructed to determine the impact of threshold effect on the relationship between FDI and regional technological progress. Finally, the specific value of each threshold variable in 2013 is compared with the estimated threshold value, and the threshold interval in which the region is located is determined. The empirical results show that there exists a single threshold effect in human capital and financial depth, a double threshold effect in RD density and technology gap, and a significant difference in the results of FDI spillover effect in different threshold ranges: the single threshold variable only crosses the threshold value. When the threshold value is higher than the threshold value, FDI shows positive spillover effect, while the double threshold variable value is in the middle region of two threshold values, the FDI spillover effect is the most significant. In summary, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions, such as macro-adjusting the location distribution of foreign capital, increasing the investment of secondary education and above, perfecting the financial structure, encouraging the localization of scientific research activities of foreign-funded companies and enhancing the ability of independent innovation of enterprises and so on.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F832.6;F124.3
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