中国历史上的大同思想

发布时间：2018-03-04 18:52

本文选题：大同思想　切入点：社会理想　出处：《东北财经大学》2005年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：大同思想在中国历史上一直是人们所向往的社会理想,也是千百年来人们为之不懈奋斗的理想和信念。它曾经鼓舞许多仁人志士为推翻腐朽阶级的统治,推动历史前进而斗争。大同思想作为中国历史上的一份重要的思想遗产,很值得我们去继承和弘扬。本文主要以时间为主线,采用对比分析、举例说明等方法研究中国历史上的大同思想。文章详细地论述不同历史时期,各个学派,各阶层代表人物所阐述的大同思想,并从不同侧面分析了他们的大同思想产生的历史背景,所代表的阶级利益以及它对于社会发展所产生的积极作用和消极影响。文章主体分为三个部分:第一部分论述先秦时期的大同思想。该部分包括两方面内容:一方面通过分析《诗经·伐檀》、《诗经·硕鼠》两篇文章,介绍我国最早的乌托邦思想;另一方面对于中国历史上思想最为活跃的历史时期——春秋战国时期的大同思想进行了详细地论述。在各大学派的思想中,儒家《礼运篇》中所描述的大同思想最为经典。文章的第二部分论述汉代以后一直到太平天国运动以前的大同思想。这一时期的大同思想主要分为两种类型:一种是历代农民起义所体现的农民小生产者的大同思想。其中太平天国运动时期所颁布的《天朝田亩制度》是我国封建时期反映革命农民大同思想的最完整、最高体现。另一种是一些不满于社会现状的知识分子所提出的消极的大同思想。文章的第三部分是介绍中国近代的大同思想。这一时期是国际形势发生重要变化的时期,在中国许多主张“向西方寻找真理”的资产阶级代表人物纷纷提出将发展资本主义的纲领和某些社会主义的理想相结合的的“大同”理想。具有这种思想特点的中国近代资产阶级的代表人物有康有为、谭嗣同、梁启超、严复、孙中山。大同思想是中国经济思想史上的一份珍贵的精神财富,通过对中国历史上的大同思想的分析和研究,我们既要看到大同思想对于中国历史发展积极的推动作用,也要认识到它们的不足之处。大同思想毕竟是人类还不具备消灭私有制和剥削关系的物质条件下所产生的一种社会理想,是广大中国人民渴望美好
[Abstract]:In Chinese history, the thought of Datong has always been the social ideal that people yearn for, and it is also the ideal and belief for which people have worked tirelessly for thousands of years. It has inspired many people with lofty ideals to overthrow the rule of the decadent class. As an important ideological heritage in Chinese history, the thought of Datong is worth inheriting and carrying forward. This article mainly takes time as the main line, uses comparative analysis, examples and other methods to study the thought of Datong in Chinese history. The article discusses in detail the thought of Datong elaborated by representatives of different historical periods, schools and strata. It also analyzes their historical background, class interests and their positive and negative effects on social development from different aspects. The main body of the article is divided into three parts: the first part discusses the thought of Datong in the pre-Qin period, which includes two aspects: on the one hand, by analyzing the two articles of the Book of songs, the Book of songs and the Rat, it introduces the earliest utopian thoughts of our country; On the other hand, it discusses in detail the thought of Datong in the Spring and Autumn period and warring States period, which is the most active historical period in the history of China. The second part of the article discusses the thought of Datong from the Han Dynasty to the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement. The thought of Datong in this period can be divided into two types: one is the Great Harmony of the peasant small producers embodied in the peasant uprisings in the past dynasties. Thoughts. The "Tian Mu system" promulgated by Taiping Heavenly Kingdom during the period of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was the most complete reflection of the revolutionary peasants' thought of Datong during the feudal period of our country. The other is the negative thought of harmony put forward by some intellectuals who are dissatisfied with the present social situation. The third part of the article introduces the thought of Datong in modern China. This period is a period of important changes in the international situation. In China, many bourgeois representatives who advocate "looking for truth in the West" have put forward the idea of "Datong", which combines the program of developing capitalism with the ideals of certain socialism. The representative figures of the modern Chinese bourgeoisie are Kang Youwei, Tan Sitong, Liang Qichao, Yan Fu, Sun Zhongshan. The thought of Datong is a precious spiritual wealth in the history of Chinese economic thought. Through the analysis and study of the thought of Datong in Chinese history, we should see the positive role of the thought of Datong in promoting the development of Chinese history. After all, the idea of Datong is a kind of social ideal produced under the condition that human beings do not have the material condition of eliminating private ownership and exploitative relations, and it is the desire of the Chinese people to be beautiful.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：F092

【引证文献】