居民生活用电碳排放交易机制研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 08:38

本文选题：个人排放交易　切入点：机制　出处：《中国环境管理》2016年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：个人排放交易被认为可以促进居民参与碳减排,但是因其减排收益难以覆盖高昂的建立和运行成本,降低了公众接受度。本文提出除了考虑碳减排的收益外,更需要关注个人排放交易机制的教育价值、形成正确的激励以及鼓励创新的价值,并提出可以基于当前国内多地实行的阶梯电价制度,利用电力系统现有的用户网络和账户系统,建立居民生活用电碳排放交易机制,以降低成本并实现上述价值。在此基础上,就居民生活用电碳排放交易机制的配额设定与分配、配额交易以及清缴问题做了细致的分析,并提出绿色电力作为补充电力可以免费获得碳配额以促进绿色消费。同时,比较分析了在居民生活用电交易机制和阶梯电价制度下,不同居民家庭以及电力公司的用电成本(收益),指出了其在形成正确的激励方面的作用。最后指出在条件成熟的情况下,居民生活用电碳排放交易机制可以扩展到居民的其他能源消费领域,以实现更为全面的个人排放交易。
[Abstract]:Individual emissions trading is considered to be able to promote residents to participate in carbon emission reduction, but it is difficult to cover the high cost of establishment and operation, which reduces the public acceptance. We need to pay more attention to the educational value of the individual emissions trading mechanism, to form the right incentives and the value of encouraging innovation, and to propose a ladder electricity pricing system that can be implemented in many places in China. In order to reduce the cost and realize the above value, the carbon emission trading mechanism of household electricity consumption is established by using the existing user network and account system of the power system. On this basis, the quota and distribution of the carbon emission trading mechanism for household electricity consumption are set up and distributed. This paper makes a detailed analysis on the issue of quota trading and liquidation, and puts forward that green electricity can get carbon quota free of charge as supplementary power to promote green consumption. At the same time, the paper compares and analyzes the mechanism of household electricity trading and the ladder electricity price system. The power costs (benefits) of different households and power companies point out their role in creating the right incentives. Finally, when conditions are ripe, The carbon emissions trading scheme for household electricity consumption can be extended to other energy consumption areas to achieve a more comprehensive individual emissions trading.
【作者单位】：复旦大学环境科学与工程系;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金“基于碳生产率的中国对外贸易损益分析及战略应对”(编号:71203030) 高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20120071120032)
【分类号】：F426.61;X196

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