文化哲学视野中的货币及其现代意义——西美尔货币哲学述评

发布时间：2018-03-11 02:21

本文选题：货币　切入点：个体　出处：《华南师范大学》2004年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 在文化哲学的视野中，货币不单单是一种商品货币，它具有象征意义，它成了一种魔力，不但统治着物质世界，而且统治着个体的精神世界。货币充当了一种双重角色，它能同时支撑个体发展的两个不同方向。一方面，货币能使个体与个体之间的关系尽量客观化，能使个体的存在与具体实物财产相分离，还能使个体与个体之间的距离扩大。从而，本来最遥不可及的利益主体、联系媒介和理解手段都变得举手可得，个体的自由空间得到了最大限度的拓展，个体的自我也实现了扩展，个体的灵魂也获得了安宁和自由。另一方面，货币、货币经济和劳动分工，三者互相利用，互相促进，最终货币成了独裁者，不可避免地成为了个体心目中的上帝以及一切价值的公分母。货币凭借自己的特性(抽象性、客观性、统一性、可互换性、普遍有效性)给个体锻造了一种平均化、量化的价值取向的现代生活，导致个体迷失了真实自我，进而丢失完整自我，最后被全面异化。西美尔通过对货币纯粹的形而上的思维，揭示了一种现代社会普遍的人类困境——“文化悲剧”：生命与形式，主观文化与客观文化相互冲突。在货币经济大潮中，货币的强大效用是不可抗拒的。但我们可以像康德认识和限制理性那样去认识和限制货币，避免个体存在成为货币的附属品，，使个体成为与货币不一样的一种全面发展的存在。
[Abstract]:In the perspective of cultural philosophy, money is not only a commodity currency, it has symbolic significance, it has become a kind of magic, not only dominating the material world, but also dominating the spiritual world of the individual. It can support two different directions of individual development simultaneously. On the one hand, money can make the relationship between individual and individual as objective as possible and separate the existence of individual from physical property. It can also widen the distance between individuals. Thus, the most distant interest subjects, the means of communication and understanding, become available, and the individual's free space is maximized. On the other hand, money, monetary economy and division of labor, the three make use of each other, promote each other, finally money became dictator, Inevitably, it becomes the common denominator of God and all values in an individual's mind. Money, by virtue of its own characteristics (abstraction, objectivity, unity, interchangeability, universal validity), has forged a kind of equalization for the individual, The modern life of quantitative value orientation leads the individual to lose his true self, then to lose his whole self, and finally to be completely alienated. It reveals a universal human dilemma in modern society "cultural tragedy": life and form, subjective culture and objective culture conflict with each other. The powerful utility of money is irresistible, but we can recognize and restrict money as Kant knows and restrict reason, and avoid the existence of individual as an accessory of currency, and make individual become a kind of comprehensive development being different from currency.
【学位授予单位】：华南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：F091.3

【引证文献】