贫困理论的系统分析

发布时间：2018-03-23 10:42

本文选题：贫困　切入点：贫困线　出处：《东北财经大学》2003年硕士论文

【摘要】： 贫困有很多张面孔，它可以是饥饿、寒冷、没有房子、缺乏医疗条件、得不到教育等等。不同时期、不同群体对贫困的理解是大不相同的。但是有一点是相同的，那就是处于贫困的人都非常想脱离这种状态，大家对改变贫困的迫切愿望是相同的。世界各地的学者从不同角度来研究贫困问题。本文研究的目的是对贫困理论作一个总结和系统化，并在此基础上简要介绍阿玛蒂亚·森关于贫困的观点和方法，从而对消灭贫困做出一点努力。一般而言，贫困的研究主要包括三个方面的内容，分别为贫困的定义、贫困线的测量、贫困程度的衡量。通过阅读关于贫困的书籍和文章并利用网络搜集大量资料，在对这些文章进行评述的基础上对贫困的理论进行整理和系统化。文章主要分为三个部分：第一部分介绍了不同学者对贫困定义的研究成果以及利用阿玛蒂亚．森的权利集合法来定义什么是贫困。学术界对贫困的定义争论很多，因为贫困涉及社会中很多的思想、观念、习惯以及道德标准。第二部分是贫困线的确定，是贫困定义的具体化和发展。根据不同概念和思想下的贫困所计算出来的贫困线是不同的，本文着重介绍几种在国际上普遍应用的方法以及它们的优缺点。第三部分是具体衡量社会的贫困程度，也就是贫困的加总。传统和普遍的计算方法是通过收入和贫困人数来衡量并进行纵向或横向的比较，但是这些方法对贫困的测算并不全面。在这种条件下，本文着重介绍阿玛蒂亚．森的观点，并提出了森指数，从而尝试将贫困的加总更合理更科学。
[Abstract]:Poverty has many faces. It can be hunger, cold, lack of houses, lack of medical care, lack of education, etc. At different times, different groups have different understandings of poverty. But one thing is the same. That is, people in poverty really want to get out of this situation, Everyone has the same urgent desire to change poverty. Scholars from all over the world study poverty from different angles. The purpose of this study is to summarize and systematize the theory of poverty. On this basis, the author briefly introduces Amartya Sen's views and methods on poverty, so as to make some efforts to eradicate poverty. Generally speaking, the research on poverty mainly includes three aspects: the definition of poverty, the measurement of poverty line, the measurement of poverty level, the reading of books and articles on poverty and the use of the network to collect a lot of information. On the basis of the review of these articles, the theory of poverty is organized and systematized. This paper is divided into three parts: the first part introduces the research results of different scholars on the definition of poverty and the definition of poverty by using Amartya Sen's right set method. There is a lot of controversy about the definition of poverty in academic circles. Because poverty involves a lot of ideas, ideas, habits and moral standards in society. The second part is the determination of the poverty line. Is the concretization and development of the definition of poverty. The poverty line calculated according to poverty under different concepts and ideas is different. This paper mainly introduces several methods that are widely used in the world and their advantages and disadvantages. The third part is to measure the degree of poverty in society. That is, the sum of poverty. Traditional and universal methods of calculation are measured and compared vertically or horizontally through income and the number of people living in poverty, but these methods do not measure poverty comprehensively. This paper mainly introduces Amartya Sen's viewpoint and puts forward the Sen index in order to make the sum of poverty more reasonable and scientific.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：F061.3

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