保障利益论

发布时间：2018-04-30 04:38

本文选题：保障 + 保障利益　；参考：《复旦大学》2003年博士论文

【摘要】： 关于个人保障、社会保障问题已有若干科研成果问世，，笔者尝试将个人保障、企业保障、社会保障统一在“广义的保障”框架内研究，并从经济利益的角度重新审视保障问题。通过梳理前人的相关理论思想，笔者提出保障利益的概念，并探讨了保障利益的来源，将保障利益的实质归结为“补偿”。世界上存在着各式各样的保障利益制度，通过比较研究发现，不管采取什么样的保障利益模式，各国都向个人保障、企业保障、社会保障“三架马车”的利益模式努力，并且在这个过程中，个人保障利益和企业保障利益日趋重要，社会保障利益由于“福利国家”的危机和本身的局限性而逐步收缩战线，但其作为利益调解人的作用无可替代。从保障利益论的角度考察我国的保障实践，发现问题并指出改革的取向。本文共分上中下三篇：理论篇、借鉴篇、现实篇。理论篇分为三章，第一章是保障利益的界定。首先界定保障利益的概念，并从多个角度对保障利益这一核心概念进行了分类。按保障利益的实现主体不同可分为：个人保障利益、企业保障利益和社会保障利益。本文主要按照这个分类展开主要内容。接下来探讨了保障利益与生产力、生产关系、文化的关系。保障利益在形式上看是未来利益，实质上是一种补偿利益。第二章是对保障利益的理论溯源及述评。马克思主义经济学和西方经济学理论中蕴含着丰富的保障利益的思想内容，本章旨在对这些理论进行系统地梳理。第三章探讨保障利益的实现机制。保障利益的实现主体主要有个人、家庭、企业、互助机构和政府。保障利益的个人机制偏重效率；企业机制既注重公平，又注重效率；政府机制主要保障公平性。保障利益的互助机制和家庭作为补充，发挥着自己独特的功能。借鉴篇分为四章。按照个人保障利益、企业保障利益、社会保障利益三者关系分类，大致可分为这样几种类型：个人保障和社会保障利益为主的德国模式；社会保障利益为主的英国与瑞典模式；企业保障和个人保障为主的美国模式；个人保障利益为主的新加坡和智利模式。第四至第七章分别论述了几类模式的特点及评价。保障利益制度是各国政治、经济、文化等综合因素的产物，国情不同，其保障利益制度也千差万别。即使是保障利益制度相同或类似的国家，也各有其特点。保障利益模式发展的趋势是保障利益制度仍向多支柱的复合制度方向转变，即由政府负责的社会保障利益制度、由企业或工会负责的企业保障利益和由个人或家庭负责的个人保障利益。三个保障利益支柱中，政府承诺的基本保障利益一般都是低水平的，而二、三支柱的保障利益水平视经济增长和个人收入水平而定。未来的走势是企业保障和个人保障利益模式将发挥更大作用，社会保障利益将会重新定位和矫正。现实篇分为三章，落脚点放在我国保障利益制度的实践与改革上。第九章介绍我国的保障利益实践。具体分为社会保障利益为主的阶段和保障利益多元化阶段。第一阶段以平均化为主要特征，大致从20世纪50年代-80年代；随着社会保障制度的改革，个人保障利益和企业保障利益都开始发展，保障利益来源多元化，保障利益内容多元化，保障水平迅速提高。第十章的主要内容是探讨保障利 WP=6 益发展中存在的问题。最后一章的主要内容是保障利益的改革取向。通过理论分析和国际比较，针对我国保障利益的现状，提出改革的取向：一是政府维持现有的、低水平的社会保障，社会保障利益同生产力发展水平相适应。二是适度发展企业保障，企业保障利益应与社会保障利益理顺关系。三是增加个人保障利益的比重，社会保障利益的低水平发展和企业保障利益的适度发展都给个人保障利益的发展留下了巨大空间，社会经济的发展也为商业保险的发展创造了良好的条件。另外，家庭保障利益和互助保障利益可作为有益的补充。本文的创新之处在于：1、从经济利益的角度研究保障问题，提出保障利益的概念。以保障的概念统一社会保障、企业保障和个人保障，对三者进行综合研究。所谓保障利益，是基于保障而产生的某种效用满足。它可具体分解为个人保障利益、企业保障利益和社会保障利益。个人保障利益指个人或家庭通过储蓄、购买商业保险所获得的利益。企业保障利益是指从企业保障所获得的效用满足，劳动者可凭借对自身劳动力的所有权来分享企业生产过程中创造的剩余收益。社会保障利益是指国民收入再分配中给予社会成员某种程度的效用满足。2、探讨了保障利益的来源。个人保障利益、企业保障利益和社会保障利益是劳动者利益的三种表现形式。个人保障利益是一种利益的积累；企业保障利益来源于利益的分享。社会保障利益的出现是为了弥补个人保障利益和企业保障利益的不足，是政府作为中立人发挥利益调节的作用。3、保障利益在形式上看是未来利益，实质上是一种补偿利益。个人保障利益是个人现在对未来利益的补偿；企业保障利益是对劳动者过去劳动的补偿；社会保障利益是社会对其社会成员的利益补偿，强调公平。保障利益论对于我来说是个崭新的课题，无论是理论上还是实践上都有待于进一步深化和论证。文中的错误和疏漏，敬请批评指正。
[Abstract]:On the issue of personal security, social security problems have come out, the author tries to study personal security, enterprise security and social security in the framework of "generalized guarantee", and reexamine the security problem from the perspective of economic benefits. The source of the guarantee benefits is discussed, and the essence of the guarantee benefits is summed up as "compensation". There are various systems of security interests in the world. Through comparative study, it is found that no matter what type of safeguard interest is adopted, all countries strive for the interests pattern of personal security, enterprise security and social protection "three carriages", and in this case, In the process, the interests of personal security and enterprise security are becoming more and more important. The social security interests are gradually contracted by the crisis of the "welfare state" and their own limitations, but their role as a benefit mediator is irreplaceable. From the point of view of protecting the interests of our country, we investigate the practice of security in our country, find the problems and point out the orientation of the reform.
This article is divided into three parts: theory, reference and reality.
The first chapter is divided into three chapters. The first chapter is the definition of the guarantee of benefits. First, it defines the concept of the guarantee benefit and classifies the core concept of the guarantee benefit from various angles. The main body of the guarantee benefits can be divided into the individual security interests, the enterprise guarantee interests and the social security interests. This article is mainly based on this classification exhibition. The second chapter is the theoretical source and review of the protection interests. The second chapter is the theoretical source and review of the protection interests. The rich guarantee benefits are contained in the theory of Marx's economics and western economics. The purpose of this chapter is to systematically comb these theories. In the third chapter, the realization mechanism of safeguarding interests is discussed. The main body of realizing the benefits is the individual, family, enterprise, mutual aid organization and government. The individual mechanism of protecting interests emphasizes efficiency; the enterprise mechanism pays attention to fairness and efficiency; the government mechanism is the main guarantee for the public. The mutual benefit mechanism and family complement each other play a unique role.
The reference text is divided into four chapters. According to the interests of personal security, the interests of enterprises and the social security interests, the classification of the relationship between the three parties can be divided into several types: the German model of personal security and social security interests; the British and Sweden model of social security interests mainly; the American model of enterprise security and personal security; The characteristics and evaluation of several types of models are discussed separately in Chapter 4 to seventh. The guarantee benefit system is the product of the political, economic and cultural factors of various countries. The national conditions are different, and the system of security interests is different. Even the countries that guarantee the same or similar interests have the same or similar interests. The trend of the development of the interest model is to ensure that the benefit system is still changing to a multi pillar compound system, that is, the government is responsible for the social security interest system, the enterprise or the trade union is responsible for the interests of the enterprise and the individual or the family responsible for the personal security interests. The basic guarantee of the government's commitment is the basic guarantee of the three safeguard interests. The benefit of the two and three pillars depends on the level of economic growth and personal income. The future trend is that the model of enterprise security and personal security interests will play a greater role, and the social security interests will be repositioned and corrected.
The reality chapter is divided into three chapters. The end point is put on the practice and reform of our country's guarantee benefit system. The ninth chapter introduces the practice of our country's safeguard interests. It is divided into the stage of social security interests and the stage of safeguarding the diversification of interests. The first stage takes the average as the main feature, roughly from the 1950s -80 years; with the social security. The reform of the system, the interests of individual security and the benefits of enterprise guarantee have begun to develop, safeguard the diversity of interests, protect the diversity of interests and improve the level of security rapidly. The main content of the tenth chapter is to discuss the guarantee of profit.
WP=6
The main content of the last chapter is the reform orientation of protecting interests. Through theoretical analysis and international comparison, the orientation of reform is put forward in view of the present situation of our country's safeguard interests: first, the government maintains the existing and low level social security, and the benefit of social security is adaptable to the development level of the productive forces. Two Three is the proportion of increasing the interests of personal security, the low level development of social security interests and the moderate development of the security interests of enterprises all left huge space for the development of personal security interests, and the development of social economic development also created a good development for the development of commercial insurance. Good conditions. In addition, family security interests and mutual protection interests can be a useful supplement.
The innovation of this article lies in the following aspects: 1, from the perspective of economic interests, it studies the guarantee problem and puts forward the concept of safeguarding the interests. The concept of security is unified by the concept of social security, enterprise security and personal security, and the three party is studied synthetically. The so-called guarantee benefit is a kind of utility satisfaction based on the guarantee. It can be concretely broken down to the personal security benefit. Benefits and social security interests. Personal security interests refer to the interests acquired by individuals or families through savings and purchase of commercial insurance. Enterprise security interests refer to the utility satisfaction obtained from enterprise security, and workers can share the surplus income created in the process of production by means of ownership of their own labor. The protection interest means to give the social members a certain degree of utility to satisfy.2 in the redistribution of national income, and discuss the source of the protection interests. The personal security interests, the enterprise security interests and the social security interests are the three forms of the laborers' interests. The personal security interests are a kind of interest accumulation; the enterprise security interests are derived from the profit. The emergence of social security interests is to make up for the inadequacy of personal security interests and enterprise security interests. It is the role of the government as a neutral person to play the role of regulating the interests of the.3, to protect the interests in the form of the future interests, in essence, a compensation benefit. Personal protection benefits are the compensation for the future interests of the individual; Safeguarding interests is the compensation for workers' work in the past; social security interests are social compensation for the interests of members of society, and emphasize fairness.
It is a new subject for me to guarantee the theory of interest, both in theory and in practice. It needs to be further deepened and demonstrated.

【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：F014

【引证文献】