国民经济三大部类结构演化规律——马克思的社会再生产理论继承与创新

发布时间：2018-05-09 00:29

本文选题：社会再生产 + 国民经济　；参考：《马克思主义研究》2017年02期

【摘要】：现代国民经济由三大部类构成:生产资料及其生产部门为第一部类,消费资料及其生产部门为第二部类,非物质资料及其生产部门为第三部类。这种部类结构是由人类对社会产品的需要和生产力水平决定的。运用中国、美国、英国、法国等国家的统计资料对三大部类结构演化态势分析表明:第一部类比重在工业化前期和中期逐步上升,在工业化后期和后工业化时期逐步下降;第二部类比重自近代以来随国民经济发展而逐步下降;第三部类比重随国民经济发展而逐步上升,最终超过第一、第二部类比重之和;三大部类比重在工业化进程中逐步收敛,到工业化中后期趋近和交汇,然后出现发散。这种规律性对中国经济结构调整具有重要启示:坚持三大部类协调均衡发展;加快第一部类转型升级,促进生产资料更新换代;按照消费需求变化调整和优化第二部类内部结构;稳步发展第三部类。
[Abstract]:The modern national economy is composed of three major categories: the first category is the means of production and its production sector, the second category is the consumption material and its production department, and the third category is the non-material material and its production department. This structure is determined by the human needs for social products and the level of productivity. Using the statistical data of China, the United States, Britain, France and other countries to analyze the evolution situation of the structure of the three major categories, it is shown that the first analogy focuses on the gradual rise in the early and middle stages of industrialization, and the gradual decline in the late stage of industrialization and the period of post-industrialization; The proportion of the second category has gradually decreased with the development of the national economy since modern times; the proportion of the third category has gradually increased with the development of the national economy, and finally exceeded the sum of the proportion of the first and second categories; the proportion of the three major categories has gradually converged in the course of industrialization. To the middle and late stage of industrialization and convergence, and then divergence. This regularity has important enlightenment to the adjustment of China's economic structure: insisting on the coordinated and balanced development of the three major categories, speeding up the transformation and upgrading of the first category, and promoting the upgrading of the means of production; Adjust and optimize the internal structure of the second category according to the change of consumption demand; develop the third category steadily.
【作者单位】：中共广东省委党校中国特色社会主义研究所;
【分类号】：F091.91

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