价值运行论纲

发布时间：2018-05-26 10:21

本文选题：价值运行 + 价值层次　；参考：《厦门大学》2000年博士论文

【摘要】： 本论文以劳动价值论为基础，主要研究价值的运行机制。共九章，包括三个方面的内容：总论、本质论、机制论；其中，“机制论”又分为“微观机制”和“宏观机制”两部分。第一章是总论。阐述价值理论的重要意义、研究现状，说明经济学研究方法及对“边际分析法”的借鉴等；介绍本论文的研究主题、重点、目的、内容和结构概要。 “本质论”即研究价值在“本质”层次发展运行的理论，包括第二章、第三章两章。价值的本质研究不是研究的重点。这是因为已有对价值论的研究基本都在这一范围进行，毋需多费笔墨，重复劳动；另外也由本文的研究目的限定(经济运行)。但是，这一层次仍然有些需要澄清的问题。价值的本质是相对比较“稳定”的内涵，但它仍然不是一成不变。在“本质”范围内也有个从“抽象”到“具体”的发展过程。本文认为价值的本质的发展是分层次的，从最抽象的“价值”，依次经“行业价值”、“生产价格”到“国际价值”，形成一个体系。只有到了“国际价值”层次，价值的本质特征才得以充分、完全的展示。只有站在这个层次才能分清与价值有关的所有问题。第二章专门讨论这个问题。 “本质论”分两个方向论述。一个是“价值层次理论”，在“纯粹”状态下研究价值范畴的发展，只涉及价值运行的范围大小、时间先后，不涉及竞争、供求等任何市场因素。因此，我们都是以每个生产者生产等量产品为前提的。但是，决定市场价格的并不是这样的“价值”，而是“市场价值”。在竞争等市场因素作用下，其它任何条件都不变的前提下，，仍然在供求相等假设条件下，仅仅因为不同生产者提供了不同的“量”而使提供了相同“抽象劳动”的单位商品的“价值”发生变化。这个发生了“量变”的“价值”就是“市场价值”。它可通过个别价值加权平均而得。市场价值只是价值的“量变”不是“质变”。它构成了“价值”上升到“价格”的中介。第三章专门研究这一问题。 “机制论”研究价值的微观运行和宏观运行机制，即研究在“本质论”中假定不变或假定处于均衡状态的那些价值规律的“表现形式”，研究这些现象形态的“差别性”。这些现象形态按“抽象到具体”的顺序依次为：市场价格、供给(包括市场供给和个别供给)、需求(包括市场需求和个别需求)、总供求、市场机制缺陷与宏观经济失衡等内容。价值运行机制的研究是本论文的主体和重点。第四至第七章研究价值的“微观运行”机制，第八章和第九章研究价值的宏观运行机制。第四章研究市场价值决定的市场价格的一般运行情况和不同条件下的市场价格变化规律。第五章研究劳动价值理论为基础的供给和需求原理，分别用“第一含义社会必要劳动时间”推导出“供给曲线”，用“第二含义社会必要劳动时间”推导出“需求曲线”，并将之与新古典的供求理论进行比较。第六章研究既定市场价格(即由市场价值决定的均衡市场价格)前提下的“个别生产者理论”，或者叫“个别供给理论”。尝试用劳动价值论为基础构建“生产函数”，从个别生产者角度分析供给行为。第七章研究用“第二含义社会必要劳动时间”原理建立“需求理论”(或称“消费理论，’)，并定量分析了“第二含义社会必要劳动时间”的确定问题。在第六和第七章分别结合劳动价值论原理讨论了不同于新古典理论的“长期供给曲线” 和“长期需求曲线，’o 第八章用马克思的再生产模型构建“宏观均衡模型”，目的在于找出宏观经济“静态均衡” 的条件。为便于比较，我们用“再生产理论”推导了凯恩斯主义的宏观经济均衡的基本模型。第九章将再生产模型动态化，发展出马克思主义的“增长理论”。这里是把增长理论当成宏观经济动态模型来研究的;目的在于找出宏观经济“长期”并“稳定”均衡的条件。分析证明，经济长期稳定均衡增长的条件是各种增长率以“不变比率”与国民经济保持相同的增长速度。在技术进步条件下，市场机制根本无法满足经济长期稳定均衡增长的条件;其中，引起“失衡”的最关键变量是“可变资本”不能与“不变资本”保持相同的速度增长.这一结论有很重要的政策含义。通过逐次放弃马克思假定的“资本有机构成不变”、“储蓄率不变气 “剩余价值率不变”等假设前提，我们用马克思建立再生产模型的同样方法验证了“增长模型”的结论。均衡增长条件的“破坏”带来的必然是经济的周期性危机.政府可以主要通过影响经济失衡的“变量”来达到影响和对付经济周期之目的。这是政府干预经济的主要理论根据。为便于比较，并说明马克思主义宏观经济模型(包括静态的和动态的)的优越性，我们试着用马克思再生产理论推导出西方主要增长理论的基本“增长模型”:多玛—哈德罗模型，新古典增长模型，后凯恩斯主义增长模型，和内生增长模型。马克思主义增长模型包含了所有这些模型的基本思想。从它与西方经济增长模型的关系看，西方经济学的那些增长模型各自只表示增长的一种特殊情况，即使它们加在一起也无法真正说明它们一直想说明的国民收入“人均增长”问题。马克思的增长理论是“
[Abstract]:This thesis is based on the theory of labor theory , and mainly studies the operating mechanism of value .
Among them , " mechanism theory " is divided into " micro - mechanism " and " macro - mechanism " .

The first chapter is the general theory , expounds the significance of the value theory , the research situation , explains the economics research method and the reference for the " marginal analysis method " ;
This paper introduces the subject , the focus , the aim , the content and the structure summary of the thesis .

The essence of value theory is not the focus of the research . This is because the research of the value theory is basically carried out in this range , and there is no need for more ink and repeated work .
The essence of the value is from " abstract " to " concrete " development process . In essence , the essence of value is from " abstract " to " concrete " development process . This paper holds that the essence of value is divided into different levels , from the most abstract " value " , from " production price " to " international value " to form a system . Only by the level of " international value " , the essential characteristics of value can be fully and fully demonstrated . Only the station can distinguish all the problems related to the value at this level .

This paper deals with two directions of " theory of value " . One is " Value Hierarchy Theory " . In the " pure " state , we study the development of the value category . It only involves the scope and size of the value operation , the time sequence , the " value " of the unit commodity providing the same " abstract labor " . However , the value of the market value is not the value of the market value . The value of the market is not " qualitative change " . It forms the intermediary of " value " to " price " . Chapter 3 is devoted to the study of this problem .

The micro - operation and the macro - operation mechanism of the research value of " mechanism theory " , that is , the " expression " of those values assumed to be constant or assumed to be in the equilibrium state in the theory of the essence , studied the " differentiability " of these phenomena . These phenomena are in the order of " abstract to concrete " : market price , supply ( including market supply and individual supply ) , demand ( including market demand and individual demand ) , total supply and demand , market mechanism defects and macro - economic imbalances , etc . The research of value operation mechanism is the subject and the focus of this paper .

The fourth to seventh chapters study the macro - operation mechanism of the " micro - operation " mechanism , the eighth chapter and the ninth chapter of the research value .

The fourth chapter studies the general operation of market price and the change rule of market price under different conditions .

In the fifth chapter , the supply and demand principle based on the theory of labor value is studied , and the " supply curve " is derived from the " necessary labor time of the first meaning " , and the " demand curve " is derived by " the second meaning society necessary labor time " , and compared with the new classical supply and demand theory .

Chapter 6 : " Individual producers " under the premise of establishing market prices ( i.e . , equilibrium market prices determined by market value ) " Theory " or " individual supply theory " . Try to build " production function " on the basis of labor value theory , from individual producers

Angle analysis supply behavior .

In the seventh chapter , the " demand theory " ( or " consumption theory " ) is established by the principle of " second meaning society necessary labor time " , The determination of " socially necessary labor time in the second meaning " was analyzed and analyzed quantitatively .

In the sixth and seventh chapters , the " long - term supply curve " , which is different from the neo - classical theory , is discussed in combination with the theory of labor value theory .

and " long - term demand curve , " o Chapter 8 builds " macro - equilibrium model " by Marx ' s reproduction model , and aims to find out the macro - economy " static equilibrium "

In order to facilitate the comparison , we use the theory of reproduction to derive the basic model of macroeconomic equilibrium of Keynesianism .

Chapter 9 dynamics of the reproduction model and the development of the " growth theory " of Marxism . Here is the growth theory .

The purpose of this paper is to find out the conditions of macroeconomic " long - term " and " stable " equilibrium .

It is proved that the conditions for long - term stable and balanced growth of economy are the same growth rates as the " constant ratio " and the national economy at various rates of growth

in that condition of technological progress , the market mechanism cannot meet the condition of long - term stable and balanced growth of the economy ,

The most critical variables that cause " imbalances " are " variable capital " that cannot be maintained at the same pace as " non - convertible capital " .

Conclusion There is a very important policy meaning . By giving up Marx ' s assumption of " unchanged capital organic composition " , the " reserve rate is not the same . " On the assumption that " surplus value ratio is not the same " , we verify the " growth mode " by using the same method of establishing the reproduction model by Marx . Conclusions of the type " .

The " destruction " of balanced growth conditions is necessarily the cyclical crisis of the economy . The government can mainly influence the economy

The " variable " of the imbalance achieves the purpose of influencing and dealing with the economic cycle . This is the main theoretical basis of the government ' s intervention in the economy .

To facilitate comparison , and illustrate the superiority of the Marxist macro - economic model ( including static and dynamic ) , we

In this paper , the basic " growth model " of western main growth theory is derived by Marx ' s theory of reproduction .

New Classical Growth Model , Post - Keynesian Growth Model and Endogenous Growth Model ;

There are basic ideas of these models . From its relationship with the western economic growth model , the growth models of western economics each

Self - only represents a special case of growth , even if they are added together , they can ' t really explain what they ' ve always wanted to explain .

In terms of " per capita growth " , Marx ' s theory of growth is "
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2000
【分类号】：F014.3

【引证文献】