网络型产业的竞争研究

发布时间：2018-06-10 10:04

本文选题：网络型产业 + 自然垄断　；参考：《重庆大学》2004年博士论文

【摘要】：网络型产业一直是产业组织理论和管制经济学的主要研究对象，但以往更多的注意力都集中在政府管制行为本身上，而对这些行业的规模经济和竞争等问题没有给予足够的关注。随着网络竞争的不断深入，政府干预的方式正在发生变化，有人认为竞争政策正在逐步取代管制政策，但也有人认为是激励性管制取代旧的管制。无论如何，由于制度、市场环境以及技术的飞速进步，各网络型基础产业的组织结构发生了很大变化。自然地，更多人开始重视和研究各种网络型产业问题。但到目前为止，网络型产业组织理论框架还没有完全建立起来，网络型产业的竞争仍然缺乏坚实的理论基础。正是基于以上的现实，本文运用现代经济理论对网络型产业的竞争问题进行了系列研究。本文首先分析了网络型产业的基本技术经济特性，这构成了全文分析的基础。在对网络型产业竞争的基本理论回顾的基础上，对这些理论及其应用问题作了简要的评议。关于网络型产业放松管制、促进竞争的改革，自然垄断的界定构成了重要理论基础之一。对自然垄断的不同认识与界定，直接会导致不同的产业组织政策。现有自然垄断理论从规模经济和成本劣加性定义了自然垄断。然而，本文第2章认为他们在确定自然垄断的分析方法上存在缺陷，忽略掉了某些重要的交易(制度)成本，他们仍然局限于原有的分析框架。一旦采用效益-费用分析方法，引入交易(制度)成本，那么规模经济和成本劣加性对于自然垄断既不是必要的，也非充分的。自然垄断问题实质是一个制度安排与选择问题。自然垄断的本质在于它是由一系列联系性极强的合约安排所构成的制度体系，交易(制度)成本劣加性是其充要条件。而现有自然垄断理论仅仅是某些情况下一种特例。垄断性行业改革不仅仅是反垄断，其全部在于节约交易(制度)成本，提高制度绩效，这才是改革的实质和目标。若改革的实践以存在严重缺陷的理论为指导，势必会影响改革目标的确立和实现，最终会影响改革的效果。基于此，本文第2章给出了一些建议，以期对改革的实践有所新的启示。本论文第3章在对网络型产业在物理和管理两个层面的不同特性再认识的基础上，根据真正的市场环境下的管制含义，构造了改革的一个战略框架。以此为基础，分析了分割式改革模式的经济可行性，通过分割引入各种竞争形式的有效性及分割后的管制改革等问题。随着网络型产业放松管制引入竞争的改革，出现了市场上局部垄断的新现象，并将在较长时期内存在。为此，本论文第4章假定在对价格歧视实行管制的情况重庆大学博士学位论文下，以电信业为例，分析了三种不同情形下局部垄断市场上具有相同成本的企业竞争行为及市场均衡特性，并简要分析了价格上限管制政策的效果。主要结论是: 局部垄断构成了企业进行价格竞争的参与约束。企业局部垄断的相对规模以及企业变动价格时对对手企业作出价格反应的推测信念对企业价格竞争行为具有重要影响，共同决定了不同的市场均衡特性和管制政策效果。网络型产业的竞争不仅存在于非垄断性业务之间，也存在于垄断性业务与非垄断性业务即异质业务之间。本论文第5章分析了自然垄断行业异质业务间竞争与管制的基本特征，进而构造了自然垄断业务与非自然垄断业务间的竞争模型。以此为基础，分析了政府对不同业务的各种主要管制政策及其组合对企业行为和企业绩效的影响效应;分析了放松管制下，两类业务企业在不同细分市场上的产品差异化策略。并提出了相应的政策建议。自从德姆塞兹(Demsetz)在1 968年提出将特许投标竞争理论应用于自然垄断行业，特许权投标理论与实践都得到极大发展。德姆塞兹拍卖结果只有在理想的情况下才可以得到。本文第6章在相关文献的基础上，整理出了特许投标竞争与改革的绩效评价标准。以此为基础，结合我国公用事业特许权投标改革的环境条件，对特许权投标竞争与改革的实践效果及相关问题进行了考察和分析。目前，我国各个网络型产业改革的进程尽管不一致，但是着手进行和深化政府管制体制改革却是势在必行。因此，在网络型产业，也就无法回避自由化(竞争)、民营化与效率的关系问题。本文第7章对此作了进一步思考，并证明:自由化与国有企业民营化改革是同等重要的。它们都是对企业治理机制的重构，均是建立某种企业契约的选择机制，，它们均意味着政府干预方式的改变和干预程度及范围的减少。但是，它们的关系却是复杂的:可能是相互替代的或互补的，相互促进的或相互抵消的。总之，它们相互作用、相互影响，从而进一步影响着效率，因此，二者的合理性是相互依存的，二者必须进行有机协调。关键词:网络型产业，自然垄断，竞争，管制
[Abstract]:The network type industry has been the main research object of industrial organization theory and control economics , but more attention has been focused on the government regulation behavior itself , but it has not paid enough attention to the scale economy and competition of these industries .

This paper first analyzes the basic technical and economic characteristics of the network - type industry , which constitutes the basis of the whole - text analysis . On the basis of the review of the basic theory of network - type industry competition , this paper gives a brief comment on these theories and their application problems .

The nature of the natural monopoly is that it is a special case in some cases . The nature of the natural monopoly lies in that it is a system system composed of a series of contractual arrangements with strong points of contact . The nature of the natural monopoly lies in that it is a system system composed of a series of strong contractual arrangements .

In chapter 3 of this paper , on the basis of the different characteristics of the network type industry in the physical and management aspects , a strategic framework of the reform is constructed according to the control meaning in the real market environment . Based on this , the economic feasibility of the split - type reform model is analyzed , and the effectiveness of various forms of competition and the regulation reform after segmentation are introduced .

With the introduction of competition reform in the deregulation of network type industry , there is a new phenomenon of local monopoly in the market and will exist in the longer period . For this reason , Chapter 4 of this paper assumes control of price discrimination .

Doctorate Degree in Chongqing University

In the case of telecommunication industry , the enterprises with the same cost in three different situations are analyzed .

Competition behavior and market equilibrium characteristics , and briefly analyze the effect of price cap control policy . The main conclusions are as follows :

The local monopoly constitutes the restriction of the enterprise ' s participation in price competition . The relative scale of local monopoly and enterprise

The speculation belief that the price response of an opponent enterprise when the price of the industry changes is of great importance to the competition behavior of the enterprise

The effects of different market equilibrium characteristics and control policy are jointly determined .

The competition of network - based industries not only exists between non - monopoly businesses but also monopoly businesses .

In Chapter 5 , the competition among heterogeneous businesses in natural monopoly industries is analyzed in Chapter 5 of this paper

With the basic characteristics of control , the competition model between natural monopoly business and non - natural monopoly service is constructed .

Based on this , this paper analyzes the government ' s main control policies and their combination to different businesses .

The effect of enterprise performance is analyzed . Under the control of relaxation , the production of two kinds of business enterprises in different market segments is analyzed .

Product differentiation strategy and corresponding policy suggestions are put forward .

Since Demsetz proposed to apply the theory of competitive bidding to natural ridges in 1 968 years ,

The theory and practice of the concession contract have been greatly developed .

Chapter 6 of this paper , on the basis of the relevant literature , sorts out the competition of the concession bid .

On the basis of the reform ' s performance evaluation standard , combined with the environment of China ' s public utilities concession bid reform

The conditions , the practice effect and the related problems of the competition and reform of the concession bid are investigated and analyzed .

At present , the process of the reform of each network type industry in our country is not consistent , but proceed and deepen the politics

The reform of government control system is imperative . Therefore , in the network - based industry , the liberalization can not be avoided ( competition )

The relationship between privatization and efficiency . Chapter 7 of this paper makes further consideration and proves that freedom

The reform of privatization and privatization of state - owned enterprises is equally important , both of which are the reconstruction of corporate governance mechanism .

The establishment of an enterprise contract selection mechanism means the change of government intervention and the degree of intervention .

The range is reduced . However , their relationships are complex : they may be mutually alternative or complementary , mutually reinforcing ,

promoted or mutually offset . In conclusion , they interact , interact with each other , thus further affecting efficiency ,

Therefore , the rationality of the two is interdependent , and both must be organic coordination .

Key words : network type industry , natural monopoly , competition , regulation
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：F062.9

【引证文献】