苏州生态补偿评估
发布时间：2018-08-31 18:58
【摘要】：目前,生态补偿研究已经备受社会各界关注,实现社会、经济和环境协调与可持续发展需要建立完善的生态补偿机制。继浙江、广州、上海实施生态补偿之后,苏州成为江苏省首个实施生态补偿的地级市。 鉴于苏州市对生态补偿的高度重视及目前已经开展的生态补偿工作的实际情况,笔者将对苏州市开展的生态补偿进行分析和研究。本文共包括五部分。第一部分,介绍生态补偿的理论基础及内涵,再对国内外有关生态补偿理论研究和实践进行概括并阐述本文研究的目的和意义以及研究的方法和技术路线。研究的意义在于利用科学的定性和定量的方法对苏州实施生态补偿政策绩效进行评价,可以为苏州今后生态补偿工作的有效开展提供一定的参考。研究的方法主要有资料收集整理、实地考察、问卷调查等。第二部分,介绍苏州区域研究概况,包括自然概况、社会经济概况和生态补偿政策实施情况,再以莲花村和金市村为例体现苏州实施生态补偿后取得的成效。第三部分,通过对苏州生态补偿地区进行机会成本的计算、生态补偿地区生态保护与建设的直接投入成本的计算和湿地、生态公益林、水源地及基本农田的生态服务价值的估算,得出苏州生态补偿的最低和最高补偿标准,然后从生态补偿主体、生态补偿对象和生态补偿标准三个方面对苏州生态补偿政策的合理性和科学性进行分析。利用选择的评价指标,构建生态补偿政策评价指标体系,再运用层次分析法对苏州实施的生态补偿落实的情况进行政策评估,通过数学运算得到苏州生态补偿政策绩效的评价指数。该指数刚刚跨入良好的等级范围,这说明苏州市生态补偿工作取得了一定的进展,政策实施绩效较好,但是与较良好和优秀的目标差距很大。第四部分,针对苏州目前生态补偿存在的生态补偿成本过高、生态补偿主体过于依赖政府、生态补偿标准缺乏科学性和灵活性、生态补偿评价指标不完善以及缺少生态补偿相关法律法规等问题,提出合理化建议,如引入市场机制、提高补偿标准、拓宽生态补偿资金筹措渠道、加强生态补偿宣传及不断完善生态补偿法律法规等。第五部分,包括本论文的创新和展望。创新在于笔者在目前有关生态补偿标准研究的基础上,结合苏州生态补偿实施的实际情况,计算出理论上苏州生态补偿的最低标准和最高标准。笔者希望苏州今后在生态环境监测技术不断成熟的情况下,通过获取生态环境变化数据,对生态效果进行更为科学地评价。同时政府生态补偿考核小组在对生态补偿地区进行考核时,也可以把生态效果评估纳入考核的范畴,进而对生态补偿的实施进行更好的监督。
[Abstract]:At present, the study of ecological compensation has been concerned by all walks of life. To achieve social, economic and environmental coordination and sustainable development, it is necessary to establish a perfect ecological compensation mechanism. After Zhejiang, Guangzhou and Shanghai implemented ecological compensation, Suzhou became the first prefecture-level city in Jiangsu province to implement ecological compensation. In view of the fact that Suzhou attaches great importance to ecological compensation and the actual situation of ecological compensation that has been carried out at present, the author will analyze and study the ecological compensation carried out in Suzhou. This paper consists of five parts. The first part introduces the theoretical basis and connotation of ecological compensation, then summarizes the theoretical research and practice of ecological compensation at home and abroad, and expounds the purpose and significance of this study, as well as the research methods and technical routes. The significance of the study is to evaluate the performance of ecological compensation policy in Suzhou by using scientific qualitative and quantitative methods, which can provide a certain reference for the effective development of ecological compensation in Suzhou in the future. The research methods include data collection, field investigation, questionnaire and so on. The second part introduces the general situation of Suzhou regional research, including natural situation, social and economic situation and the implementation of ecological compensation policy, and then take Lianhua Village and Jinshi Village as examples to reflect the results achieved after the implementation of ecological compensation in Suzhou. The third part, through the calculation of the opportunity cost of Suzhou ecological compensation area, the calculation of the direct input cost of ecological protection and construction in the ecological compensation area and the wetland, ecological public welfare forest, Estimate the ecological service value of water source and basic farmland, get the lowest and highest compensation standard of Suzhou ecological compensation, and then from the main body of ecological compensation, The rationality and scientific nature of Suzhou ecological compensation policy are analyzed from three aspects: ecological compensation object and ecological compensation standard. The evaluation index system of ecological compensation policy is constructed by using the selected evaluation index, and then the implementation of ecological compensation in Suzhou is evaluated by AHP. The evaluation index of Suzhou ecological compensation policy performance is obtained by mathematical calculation. The index has just entered a good grade range, which shows that Suzhou has made some progress in ecological compensation work, and the policy implementation performance is good, but it is far from good and excellent goal. In the fourth part, the cost of ecological compensation in Suzhou is too high, the main body of ecological compensation is too dependent on the government, and the standard of ecological compensation is not scientific and flexible. The evaluation index of ecological compensation is not perfect and the laws and regulations related to ecological compensation are lacking and so on. Some reasonable suggestions are put forward, such as introducing market mechanism, raising compensation standard, widening the channels of raising ecological compensation funds, etc. Strengthen ecological compensation publicity and constantly improve ecological compensation laws and regulations. The fifth part includes the innovation and prospect of this paper. The innovation lies in the author's calculation of the minimum and highest standards of ecological compensation in Suzhou on the basis of the current research on ecological compensation standards and the actual situation of the implementation of ecological compensation in Suzhou. The author hopes that the ecological effect of Suzhou will be more scientifically evaluated by obtaining the data of ecological environment change under the condition that the monitoring technology of ecological environment is maturing continuously in the future. At the same time, the government ecological compensation assessment group can also bring the ecological effect assessment into the scope of assessment, and then better supervise the implementation of ecological compensation.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：X196
本文编号：2215872
[Abstract]:At present, the study of ecological compensation has been concerned by all walks of life. To achieve social, economic and environmental coordination and sustainable development, it is necessary to establish a perfect ecological compensation mechanism. After Zhejiang, Guangzhou and Shanghai implemented ecological compensation, Suzhou became the first prefecture-level city in Jiangsu province to implement ecological compensation. In view of the fact that Suzhou attaches great importance to ecological compensation and the actual situation of ecological compensation that has been carried out at present, the author will analyze and study the ecological compensation carried out in Suzhou. This paper consists of five parts. The first part introduces the theoretical basis and connotation of ecological compensation, then summarizes the theoretical research and practice of ecological compensation at home and abroad, and expounds the purpose and significance of this study, as well as the research methods and technical routes. The significance of the study is to evaluate the performance of ecological compensation policy in Suzhou by using scientific qualitative and quantitative methods, which can provide a certain reference for the effective development of ecological compensation in Suzhou in the future. The research methods include data collection, field investigation, questionnaire and so on. The second part introduces the general situation of Suzhou regional research, including natural situation, social and economic situation and the implementation of ecological compensation policy, and then take Lianhua Village and Jinshi Village as examples to reflect the results achieved after the implementation of ecological compensation in Suzhou. The third part, through the calculation of the opportunity cost of Suzhou ecological compensation area, the calculation of the direct input cost of ecological protection and construction in the ecological compensation area and the wetland, ecological public welfare forest, Estimate the ecological service value of water source and basic farmland, get the lowest and highest compensation standard of Suzhou ecological compensation, and then from the main body of ecological compensation, The rationality and scientific nature of Suzhou ecological compensation policy are analyzed from three aspects: ecological compensation object and ecological compensation standard. The evaluation index system of ecological compensation policy is constructed by using the selected evaluation index, and then the implementation of ecological compensation in Suzhou is evaluated by AHP. The evaluation index of Suzhou ecological compensation policy performance is obtained by mathematical calculation. The index has just entered a good grade range, which shows that Suzhou has made some progress in ecological compensation work, and the policy implementation performance is good, but it is far from good and excellent goal. In the fourth part, the cost of ecological compensation in Suzhou is too high, the main body of ecological compensation is too dependent on the government, and the standard of ecological compensation is not scientific and flexible. The evaluation index of ecological compensation is not perfect and the laws and regulations related to ecological compensation are lacking and so on. Some reasonable suggestions are put forward, such as introducing market mechanism, raising compensation standard, widening the channels of raising ecological compensation funds, etc. Strengthen ecological compensation publicity and constantly improve ecological compensation laws and regulations. The fifth part includes the innovation and prospect of this paper. The innovation lies in the author's calculation of the minimum and highest standards of ecological compensation in Suzhou on the basis of the current research on ecological compensation standards and the actual situation of the implementation of ecological compensation in Suzhou. The author hopes that the ecological effect of Suzhou will be more scientifically evaluated by obtaining the data of ecological environment change under the condition that the monitoring technology of ecological environment is maturing continuously in the future. At the same time, the government ecological compensation assessment group can also bring the ecological effect assessment into the scope of assessment, and then better supervise the implementation of ecological compensation.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：X196
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