“经济决定论”的批判与反思——对恩格斯“经济因素归根到底的决定作用”的理解

发布时间：2018-11-25 10:17

【摘要】：19世纪后期马克思唯物史观遭受到严峻的挑战,将其歪曲为"经济决定论"是以巴尔特为代表的学者们一致的图谋,恩格斯晚年所阐述的历史合力论是对唯物史观进行的强有力的捍卫。恩格斯直言唯物史观被误读为"经济决定论"有一部分原因是马克思和他应当负责的,更有甚者,有学者认为恩格斯是将唯物史观修正为经济决定论的"元凶",这是对恩格斯思想的严重歪曲。经济决定论的产生有着深刻的历史根源,其理论上具有荒谬性,因而会随着资本主义经济关系的发展所产生的矛盾的不断加深而自行瓦解。马克思是辩证的历史决定论者,其历史决定论与经济决定论有着本质的区别,在强调历史是多种因素相互作用的结果的同时,主张历史发展是确定性与多样性的统一,这均是"经济因素归根到底的决定作用"的结果。
[Abstract]:In the late 19th century, Marx's historical materialism was severely challenged, and its distortion as "economic determinism" was a consistent attempt of scholars represented by Barthes. Engels' theory of historical resultant force in his later years is a powerful defense of historical materialism. Engels misinterpreted historical materialism as "economic determinism" partly because Marx and he should be responsible. Moreover, some scholars thought Engels was the "culprit" of revising historical materialism to economic determinism. This is a serious distortion of Engels' thought. The emergence of economic determinism has profound historical roots, and its theory is absurd, so it will disintegrate itself with the deepening of contradictions arising from the development of capitalist economic relations. Marx is a dialectical historical determinist, whose historical determinism and economic determinism have essential differences. While emphasizing that history is the result of the interaction of many factors, Marx advocates that historical development is the unity of certainty and diversity. This is the result of "the decisive effect of economic factors in the final analysis".
【作者单位】：华中师范大学马克思主义学院;河南财经政法大学经济伦理研究中心;
【分类号】：F091.91

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