基于新兴古典经济学的研发产业化路径研究

发布时间：2019-05-27 03:16

【摘要】：20世纪以来，世界经济正经历以物质资源和简单劳动投入为主的传统经济向以知识、信息投入为主的知识经济的历史性转变。研发竞争已是决定企业生存与淘汰的重要选择机制，要使研发富有成效，必须采取开放式创新。企业之所以不把报酬递增的功能交给专业化企业（产业）来承担，是因为在给定的时期，这些功能市场规模太小，不足以支持一个专业化的企业或产业。科技进步、需求多样化以及市场规模扩大都催促着产品生产链发生实质性的改变。研发和制造之间的关系随着研发外部化而变得越发模糊，从作为一个和制造一样的独立产业链节发展到与制造同属一母体，并沦为制造的仆从；最后又再次分离，呈现独立分割状态。一部分企业的研发部门从母体剥离出来而衍生为独立的研发业者，加上新兴产业演化固有的企业新设，这两者与物流、售后服务等企业内部化业务通过外部化而形成独立产业的演化路径并无二致，，属于典型演化路径。另一部分企业通过保留并强化研发、剥离制造及其他业务而“变身”为实质上的研发业者，属于非典型演化路径。本文尝试构建一个经中间产品（配件和研发产品）迂回生产最终品的新兴古典经济学模型，从分工与专业化的视角来探究研发产业化路径的微观机理，由此揭示研发产业化路径的相关特征及其影响因素。研究得出各环节的演化路径受学习成本、交易效率及交易市场发展等因素影响，研发产业化之所以拥有非典型路径是因其能满足高效益、高等级、旺盛需求以及大优势差等条件，研发市场从交易效率、供需关系、价格关系等等因素影响着研发产业化路径。对企业来说，是否及如何选择何路径实现研发产业化需视情况而定。最后，选取深圳作为样域，对深圳研发产业的发展情况做了初步探析，并从建立市场体系、规范市场、改善供求关系、集群发展等方面提出促进研发产业化发展的政策建议。
[Abstract]:Since the 20th century, the world economy is undergoing a historical transformation from the traditional economy, which is dominated by material resources and simple labor input, to the knowledge economy dominated by knowledge and information input. Research and development competition is an important choice mechanism to determine the survival and elimination of enterprises. In order to make R & D effective, open innovation must be adopted. The reason why enterprises do not hand over the function of increasing returns to specialized enterprises (industries) is that in a given period, these functional markets are too small to support a specialized enterprise or industry. The progress of science and technology, the diversification of demand and the expansion of market scale all urge the product production chain to change substantially. The relationship between R & D and manufacturing becomes more and more blurred with the externalization of R & D, from being an independent industrial chain as manufacturing to belonging to the same matrix as manufacturing, and becoming a servant of manufacturing. Finally, it is separated again, showing an independent state of segmentation. The R & D departments of some enterprises are separated from the matrix and derived into independent R & D developers, coupled with the new enterprises inherent in the evolution of emerging industries, both of which are related to logistics. The evolution path of independent industry through externalization of after-sales service and other enterprises is no different, which belongs to the typical evolution path. Another part of the enterprise "transformed" into the substantive R & D by retaining and strengthening R & D, dipping off manufacturing and other businesses, which belongs to the atypical evolution path. This paper attempts to construct a new classical economic model for the roundabout production of final products through intermediate products (accessories and R & D products), and to explore the micro mechanism of R & D industrialization from the perspective of division of labor and specialization. Thus, the related characteristics and influencing factors of R & D industrialization path are revealed. It is concluded that the evolution path of each link is affected by learning cost, transaction efficiency and the development of trading market. The reason why R & D industrialization has atypical path is that it can meet the needs of high efficiency and high grade. Strong demand and large advantage difference and other conditions, R & D market from the transaction efficiency, supply and demand relationship, price relationship and other factors affect the path of R & D industrialization. For enterprises, whether and how to choose which path to achieve R & D industrialization depends on the situation. Finally, Shenzhen is selected as the sample area, and the development of R & D industry in Shenzhen is preliminarily analyzed, and the policy suggestions to promote the development of R & D industrialization are put forward from the aspects of establishing market system, standardizing the market, improving the relationship between supply and demand, and the development of clusters.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F091.3;F273.1

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