气候正义的僵局与出路——基于法哲学与经济学的跨学科考察

发布时间：2018-02-13 10:13

本文关键词： 气候正义边际成本分配正义矫正正义　出处：《当代亚太》2011年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：气候正义涉及复杂的国际法与国内法问题。传统国际法强调主权独立和互不干涉,而应对气候变化必然要求国际社会合作减排。国际合作减排的前提是各国主动放弃部分排放权利,主动承担减排义务。气候变化对整个国际社会造成了极大的危害,由于各国所处地理位置不同,各国所受的负面冲击不尽一致。有些国家必须支出巨额的调整成本以适应变化了的全球气候,而有些国家反而会因气候变化获得短期利益。根据科斯定律初始权利分配原理,气候正义不是简单的排放权的界定与转让问题,它要求运用分配正义与矫正正义原则对不公平分担减排责任的现象进行平衡处理。中国固然应当积极参与国际合作减排,但同时要坚持发展权优先的观点,与工业发达国家展开有理有节的谈判与斗争,争取最大限度地实现矫正正义。
[Abstract]:Climate justice involves complex issues of international and domestic law. Traditional international law emphasizes sovereign independence and non-interference in each other, To deal with climate change will inevitably require the international community to cooperate in reducing emissions. The premise of international cooperation in reducing emissions is that countries voluntarily relinquish part of their emission rights and take the initiative to undertake emission reduction obligations. Climate change has caused great harm to the entire international community. Because of the geographical location of each country, the negative impacts on each country are not uniform. Some countries have to spend huge adjustment costs to adapt to the changed global climate, Some countries will benefit from climate change in the short term. According to Coase's law, climate justice is not simply a matter of defining and transferring emission rights. It calls for the application of the principles of distributive and corrective justice to balance the unfair sharing of responsibilities for emission reduction. While China should actively participate in international cooperation in reducing emissions, it must also adhere to the view that the right to development is a priority, To negotiate and struggle with industrial developed countries in order to achieve corrective justice to the maximum extent.
【作者单位】：广东海洋大学海洋经济与管理研究中心;
【基金】：湖南省重点学科国际法学建设项目与教育部人文社会科学研究项目“海洋渔业资源养护与管理的法律问题研究”(批准号09YJC820018)的成果
【分类号】：D90-02;F062.2

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