基于中小企业技术创新激励的环境工具设计

发布时间：2018-11-11 13:51

【摘要】：环境政策工具对企业环境技术创新的激励程度,是评估环境政策工具的重要标准。但是以往文献主要针对不完全竞争市场条件下大企业的技术创新激励效果进行研究,忽略了中小企业,而中小企业占我国企业总数的绝大部分,因此对中小企业进行相关研究非常必要;同时以往文献也没有对企业的清洁工艺和末端治理技术做出明确区分,而这两种技术创新对企业的作用机制是不同的。有鉴于此,本文从完全竞争市场条件下的中小企业出发,将环境技术创新严格区分为清洁工艺和末端治理技术,并通过构建企业利润变化模型和社会福利函数,得出了排放标准、排污费、补贴和排污许可证价格的临界值,以及社会福利最大化条件下的最优水平;同时,本文还为企业在四种环境政策工具下灵活选择技术创新方式进行了区分与比较;最后本文对四种环境政策工具的企业环境技术创新的激励效应做出了排序。本文的研究结果能够为政府选择环境政策工具提供政策建议,同时能够为中小企业在不同的环境政策工具下灵活选择环境技术创新方式提供参考意见。
[Abstract]:The incentive degree of environmental policy tools to enterprises' environmental technological innovation is an important criterion for evaluating environmental policy tools. However, the previous literature mainly focused on the incentive effect of technological innovation of large enterprises under the condition of imperfect competitive market, ignoring the small and medium-sized enterprises, which accounted for the majority of the total number of enterprises in China. Therefore, it is very necessary to carry on the related research to the small and medium-sized enterprises; At the same time, the previous literature has not made a clear distinction between the clean technology and the terminal governance technology, and the two kinds of technological innovation have different mechanism to the enterprise. In view of this, this paper starts from the small and medium-sized enterprises under the perfect competitive market condition, classifies the environmental technology innovation strictly into the clean process and the end governance technology, and constructs the enterprise profit change model and the social welfare function. The critical values of emission standards, sewage charges, subsidies and emission permit prices are obtained, as well as the optimal level under the maximization of social welfare; At the same time, this paper also distinguishes and compares the flexible choice of technological innovation methods under the four environmental policy tools. Finally, this paper makes a ranking of the incentive effects of the four environmental policy tools on the enterprise environmental technological innovation. The results of this paper can provide policy advice for the government to choose environmental policy tools, and can provide reference for SMEs to choose environmental technology innovation methods flexibly under different environmental policy tools.
【作者单位】：同济大学经济与管理学院;
【基金】：上海市科委软科学项目“上海市环境政策工具对企业技术创新激励的比较研究(10692104100)”资助,项目,起止日期:2010.3-2011.2
【分类号】：F273.1;F276.3;X196

【相似文献】