CVM研究中支付意愿问卷“内容依赖性”的实证研究——以上海城市内河生态恢复CVM评估为例
发布时间：2019-02-26 17:03
【摘要】：为检验意愿价值评估法(Contingent Valuation Method,CVM)中争论的焦点问题——支付意愿的问卷"内容依赖性",本文以上海城市内河生态修复为评估对象,构建CVM的假想市场,设计评估顺序、评估对象尺度、嵌套物品等四重方案,通过720份问卷平行调查对同一评估对象在不同问卷中获得的支付意愿,并进行估计值比较和t检验。研究结果显示:支付意愿的数值随评估尺度的增加并不显著增加;单独评估比作为嵌套物品评估具有更高的支付意愿值;在问卷中先被评估的物品居民给出的支付意愿较高;整体物品的支付意愿小于各部分的加总。研究结果验证了国外实证研究文献报道的"范围不敏感"、"嵌入效应"、"顺序效应"、"部分—整体效应"等现象的存在。对此现象的解释主要是收入效应和替代效应。因此,在将CVM研究结果应用于公共政策中应充分考虑上述因素引起的偏差。
[Abstract]:In order to test the focus of argument in the (Contingent Valuation Method,CVM (willingness to pay) questionnaire "content dependence", this paper takes the ecological restoration of urban inland water in Shanghai as the evaluation object, constructs the hypothetical market of CVM, and designs the evaluation sequence. Through 720 questionnaires, the willingness to pay obtained by the same evaluation object in different questionnaires was investigated, and the estimated values were compared and the t-test was carried out for the four-fold scheme, such as evaluation object scale, nested items and so on. The results show that: the value of willingness to pay does not increase significantly with the increase of evaluation scale; the individual assessment has a higher willingness to pay than that as a nested item, and the residents who are evaluated first in the questionnaire have a higher willingness to pay, and a higher willingness to pay is given by the residents who are evaluated first in the questionnaire. The willingness to pay for the whole item is less than the sum of the parts. The results verify the existence of such phenomena as "scope insensitivity", "embedding effect", "sequence effect" and "partial-global effect" reported in foreign empirical research literature. The main explanation of this phenomenon is income effect and substitution effect. Therefore, the deviation caused by the above factors should be taken fully into account in the application of CVM research results to public policy.
【作者单位】： 上海师范大学环境科学与工程系;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:40901291) 国家社科基金重大项目(编号:11&ZD003) 上海师范大学理科科研基金项目(编号:DKL844)
【分类号】：X196
[Abstract]:In order to test the focus of argument in the (Contingent Valuation Method,CVM (willingness to pay) questionnaire "content dependence", this paper takes the ecological restoration of urban inland water in Shanghai as the evaluation object, constructs the hypothetical market of CVM, and designs the evaluation sequence. Through 720 questionnaires, the willingness to pay obtained by the same evaluation object in different questionnaires was investigated, and the estimated values were compared and the t-test was carried out for the four-fold scheme, such as evaluation object scale, nested items and so on. The results show that: the value of willingness to pay does not increase significantly with the increase of evaluation scale; the individual assessment has a higher willingness to pay than that as a nested item, and the residents who are evaluated first in the questionnaire have a higher willingness to pay, and a higher willingness to pay is given by the residents who are evaluated first in the questionnaire. The willingness to pay for the whole item is less than the sum of the parts. The results verify the existence of such phenomena as "scope insensitivity", "embedding effect", "sequence effect" and "partial-global effect" reported in foreign empirical research literature. The main explanation of this phenomenon is income effect and substitution effect. Therefore, the deviation caused by the above factors should be taken fully into account in the application of CVM research results to public policy.
【作者单位】： 上海师范大学环境科学与工程系;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:40901291) 国家社科基金重大项目(编号:11&ZD003) 上海师范大学理科科研基金项目(编号:DKL844)
【分类号】：X196
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