基于价值转移法的自然资源游憩价值评价研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 04:02

本文选题：自然资源 + 价值评价　；参考：《大连理工大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：对自然资源的合理保护和有效利用离不开对其经济价值的科学评价。从20世纪80年代开始,随着国外对自然资源及价值评价需求的不断增长,相对于旅行成本法及意愿评价法等实证研究方法来说,一种更便捷、更经济的自然资源价值评价方法——价值转移法,在美国等发达国家的公共项目的成本-效益分析及自然资源损失评估中得到广泛应用。然而限于多种原因,我国目前还鲜有对于价值转移法的系统研究及其应用。尽管国内自然资源游憩价值评价的实证研究数量和质量与国外存在较大差距,但充分利用现有研究文献数据,建构能够反映中国特定国情的价值转移标准化模型,研究解决我国自然资源游憩价值转移有效性等一系列技术和方法问题,以科学指导自然资源游憩价值评价的实践,具有非常重要的现实意义。同时,通过对价值转移方法的具体应用研究,发现在中国特定研究环境下应用价值转移方法所存在的限制因素和国内外差异因素,逐步形成具有本土化特色的游憩价值转移的方法体系,丰富和完善自然资源游憩价值评价的理论,其研究工作的理论意义也自然不容小视。本研究首先在系统总结国内外自然资源价值评价理论和方法的基础上,从基本概念、基础理论、原则与方法、步骤及流程等方面构建了自然资源游憩价值转移的基本理论框架和方法体系,并对价值转移模型的有效性及可靠性的内涵、检验方法等方面进行了较为深入的剖析及论述。通过构建转移误差与转移有效性影响因素的回归模型,发现了对价值转移模型有效性有显著影响的因素及其影响机理,探究了影响价值转移效果的一般性规律,为我国有效应用价值转移方法提供理论基础和技术支持。其次，系统分析了我国自然资源游憩价值评价的实证研究数据存在的局限性,并通过构建Meta回归模型的过程及统计检验结果,发现了我国目前应用价值转移方法存在的具体障碍,并提出改善Meta回归价值转移效果的方法。再次,利用国外自然资源游憩价值评价的结果,构建符合我国实际情况的、具有一定普适性的游憩价值评价的Meta回归价值转移标准化模型,探索发达国家向我国进行价值转移的特殊性及复杂性,以及国内外数据差异对模型构建及转移有效性的影响。通过对国际研究地样本的针对性筛选、国内政策地样本的质量控制以及国内外样本差异变量的调整和统一,有效地降低了国际间Meta回归价值转移的误差,其中游憩活动价值的平均转移误差为18.74%,相比国内平均转移误差降低了65%,自然景观游憩价值转移误差的范围也从27.47%-50.66%缩小到了0.35%-17.94%。基于Meta回归价值转移标准模型估计了我国4类自然景观及10种游憩活动的日平均价值,初步建立了我国自然资源游憩价值评价的核算参考标准。最后,总结了我国提高自然资源游憩价值转移有效性和可靠性的经验,以及促进我国广泛、科学应用价值转移方法的政策建议。
[Abstract]:The rational protection and effective utilization of natural resources can not be separated from the scientific evaluation of its economic value. Since 1980s, with the increasing demand for natural resources and value evaluation in foreign countries, a more convenient and more economical evaluation of natural resources is given to the empirical research methods, such as the travel cost method and the will evaluation method. The value transfer method, the value transfer method, is widely used in the cost benefit analysis of public projects and the loss assessment of natural resources in developed countries such as the United States. However, limited to a variety of reasons, there are few systematic studies and applications of the value transfer method in China at present. There is a large gap between the quality and the quality and foreign countries, but it is necessary to make full use of the existing research literature data, to construct a standardized model of value transfer which can reflect the specific national conditions of China, and to study a series of technical and methodological problems to solve the effectiveness of the value transfer of Natural Resource Recreation in China, and to scientifically guide the practice of evaluating the recreational value of natural resources. At the same time, through the concrete application of the value transfer method, we find the restrictive factors and the differences between China and abroad in the application of value transfer under the specific research environment of China, and gradually form a method system for the transfer of recreation value with local characteristics, and enrich and improve the recreational value of natural resources. The theory of evaluation and its theoretical significance can not be ignored.
On the basis of systematically summarizing the theories and methods of the value evaluation of natural resources both at home and abroad, the basic theoretical framework and method system of natural resource recreation value transfer are constructed from basic concepts, basic theories, principles and methods, steps and processes, and the validity and reliability of the value transfer model are also examined. Through the construction of the regression model of the factors affecting the transfer error and the transfer effectiveness, the factors that have significant influence on the effectiveness of the value transfer model and its influence mechanism are found, and the effect of the value transfer effect is explored.
The general rule provides the theoretical basis and technical support for the effective application of value transfer method in China. Secondly, the limitations of the empirical research data of the evaluation of natural resources recreation value in China are systematically analyzed, and the current application of value transfer method in China is found by constructing the Meta regression model and the results of statistical test. At the same time, we put forward the method to improve the value transfer effect of Meta regression. Thirdly, using the result of foreign natural resources recreation value evaluation, we build a standardized model of Meta regression value transfer which is in accordance with the actual situation of China, which has a certain universal recreational value evaluation, and explores the value transfer of developed countries to China. Disparity and complexity, as well as the impact of data differences both at home and abroad on model construction and transfer effectiveness. Through the screening of international research samples, quality control of domestic policy samples and the adjustment and unification of domestic and foreign sample difference variables, the error of international Meta regression value transfer is effectively reduced, among which recreation The average transfer error of the activity value is 18.74%, which is 65% lower than the domestic average transfer error. The range of natural landscape recreation value transfer error is also reduced from 27.47%-50.66% to 0.35%-17.94%. based on Meta regression value transfer standard model to estimate the daily average value of 4 types of natural landscapes and 10 kinds of recreational activities in China, which are initially established. In the end, we summarize our country's experience in improving the effectiveness and reliability of the transfer of natural resource recreation value, as well as the policy suggestions to promote the wide and scientific application of the method of value transfer in China.

【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F205;F592

【参考文献】