早期失效保护修复材料对壁画的影响

发布时间：2018-05-22 14:08

本文选题：失效 + 保护材料　；参考：《文物保护与考古科学》2013年02期

【摘要】：现存的馆藏壁画和部分原址壁画中,为了加固、保护壁画颜料层,在20世纪70~90年代,曾经大量使用加固剂和封护剂对壁画颜料层进行保护修复。受当时修复材料和施工工艺的局限,经过仅40余年的变化,一些早期的保护修复有机材料老化,导致许多壁画出现了新问题,主要表现为眩光、变色、龟裂、起翘等病害,严重影响壁画的长期保存和展陈。文章列举了国内外早期修复材料因老化失效而损害壁画的几桩案例,讨论了现代有机材料的老化对壁画保存的不利影响,并对修复材料的"失效"概念进行了界定和阐述。可以认为,修复材料老化导致壁画外观的变化及保护材料未失效但造成壁画性质改变引发潜在病害的两种情况中任意一种,均可视为修复材料"失效",为了长久保护壁画必须予以清除。最后探讨了清除失效修复材料时使用凝胶清洗和微乳液清洗等方法的有效性和前瞻性。
[Abstract]:In order to strengthen and protect the paint layer of the existing murals and some original frescoes, in the 1970s and 1990s, a large number of reinforcements and seals were used to protect and repair the paint layers of the murals. Limited by the repair materials and construction techniques at that time, after only more than 40 years of changes, some of the early protection and restoration organic materials aged, resulting in new problems in many murals, mainly manifested in glare, discoloration, cracking, warping and other diseases. Seriously affect the long-term preservation and exhibition of murals. This paper enumerates several cases of damage to frescoes caused by aging failure of early restoration materials at home and abroad, discusses the adverse effects of aging of modern organic materials on mural preservation, and defines and expounds the concept of "failure" of restoration materials. It can be argued that aging of repair materials results in changes in the appearance of frescoes and in either of the two cases in which the protective material is not ineffective but causes potential disease due to changes in the nature of the mural. Can be regarded as restoration material "invalid", in order to protect the murals long-term must be cleared. Finally, the effectiveness and foresight of gel cleaning and microemulsion cleaning are discussed.
【作者单位】：中国文化遗产研究院;国家博物馆;
【基金】：中国文化遗产研究院科研课题资助(2009GDKY15)
【分类号】：K879.41;G264.3

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