西安城市老年人休闲行为研究

发布时间：2018-08-01 16:20

【摘要】：随着婴儿潮、医学的进步及生育率下降等因素导致老年人口的比率日益提高，至21世纪人口老龄化已成为全球化的突出现象之一。我国于1999年进入到老龄化社会是较早进入到老龄化社会的发展中国家之一，老年人口数量居于世界的首位。依据第五次全国人口普查公布的统计数据显示，西安市在2000年进入到老龄化，是较早进入到老龄化的城市。老年是生命周期的暮年，由于生理和心理方面的影响使老年人的社会生产能力和个体行动能力的退化使老年人拥有大量的闲暇时间。休闲不仅有益于身体的健康，还能有效的改善老年人退休生活和丰富精神生活，透过社会和个人帮助老年人填补闲暇时间，避免与社会脱节和失去生活的中心，因此高质量的休闲对于老年人来说是非常重要的。随着社会老龄化程度的加剧，老年人的休闲问题已成为我国急需解决的问题之一，所以对老年人休闲行为的研究具有重要的意义。本文运用分层抽样方法对西安城市老年人进行调查，应用SPSS16.0对所收集的样本进行信度和效度分析、描述统计、方差分析、交叉列表分析和T检验等定性和定量方法分析西安市老年人的休闲状况、休闲行为的制约因素和休闲满意度等。本文共由六章组成，第一章阐述了本文的研究背景、意义、方法、思路、基本框架、难点和创新点；第二章回顾国内外对老年休闲的主要研究成果，了解与本课题相关的历史、现状和发展趋势；第三章阐述本研究的理论基础和对老年人和休闲消费等概念的界定；第四章对本文的研究设计进行说明，主要包括问卷的设计、受访对象和调查地点的选取、问卷发放与回收、数据的分析方法以及描述了研究样本的基本情况；第五章是本文的实证分析部分，通过对西安老年人休闲行为的时空特征、休闲活动喜好与实际参与的对比分析、休闲消费分析以及休闲满意度和生活质量分析的实证分析，研究表明：老年人的休闲场所主要集中在家和社区，空间距离集中在1000米以内；因性别的不同在户外和家中的休闲时间存在着差异，休闲活动的喜好与参与之间存在着差异；在人口统计特征方面，制约老年人选择休闲活动的因素存在差异；西安城市老年人的休闲满意程度表现一般；第六章是本文的结论和对策，，对研究结论进行归纳总结，从个人、政府和社会三个层面对改善老年人的休闲质量提出了几点对策和建议，最后阐述本次研究的不足，并提出进一步研究的展望。
[Abstract]:With baby boomers, advances in medicine and declining fertility, the ratio of the elderly population is increasing day by day. In the 21st century, the aging of the population has become one of the outstanding phenomena of globalization. Our country entered the aging society in 1999 is one of the developing countries that entered the aging society earlier, the number of the elderly population occupies the first place in the world. According to the statistics published by the Fifth National population Census, Xi'an is an aging city in 2000 and an aging city. Old age is the old age of the life cycle. Because of the influence of physiology and psychology, the social productive capacity and the individual action ability of the old people degenerate, so the old people have a lot of leisure time. Leisure is not only good for physical health, but also an effective way to improve retirement and enrich the spiritual life of older persons, to help them fill their leisure time through society and individuals, and to avoid disconnection from society and loss of centre of life. Therefore, high-quality leisure is very important for the elderly. With the aggravation of the aging society, the leisure problem of the elderly has become one of the urgent problems in our country, so it is of great significance to study the leisure behavior of the elderly. In this paper, the stratified sampling method is used to investigate the elderly in Xi'an city, and the reliability and validity of the collected samples are analyzed by SPSS16.0, describing statistics and variance analysis. The qualitative and quantitative methods such as cross-list analysis and T-test were used to analyze the leisure status, leisure behavior constraints and leisure satisfaction of the elderly in Xi'an. This paper consists of six chapters. The first chapter describes the research background, significance, methods, ideas, basic framework, difficulties and innovations. The third chapter describes the theoretical basis of this study and the definition of the concepts of the elderly and leisure consumption. The fourth chapter describes the research design of this paper, including the design of the questionnaire, the selection of the respondents and the location of the survey. Questionnaire distribution and recovery, data analysis methods and description of the basic situation of the study sample; the fifth chapter is the empirical analysis part of this paper, through the leisure behavior of Xi'an elderly time and space characteristics, The comparative analysis of leisure activity preference and actual participation, the analysis of leisure consumption, and the empirical analysis of leisure satisfaction and quality of life analysis show that the leisure place of the elderly is mainly concentrated at home and community. The spatial distance is less than 1000 meters; there are differences in leisure time between outdoors and at home because of gender differences, and there are differences between leisure activities preferences and participation; in terms of demographic characteristics, The factors restricting the elderly to choose leisure activities are different; the leisure satisfaction degree of the elderly in Xi'an city is general; the sixth chapter is the conclusions and countermeasures of this paper, the conclusion of the study is summarized, from the individual, The government and society put forward some countermeasures and suggestions to improve the leisure quality of the elderly. At last, the deficiency of this study was expounded, and the prospect of further research was put forward.
【学位授予单位】：西安外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F592;D669.6

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