重庆户外运动发展战略研究
发布时间：2018-12-11 12:46
【摘要】：信息科技革命的迅猛发展以前所未有的速度和力度促进了生产力水平的大幅提高,从而使人们的物质生活更加丰富多彩；然而,伴随着竞争激烈的快节奏工作和劳动力的大量解放,人们的价值观和生产、生活方式也发生了巨大变化,个人拥有更多的余暇时间；世界范围内的教育程度和文化需求不断提高,人类重新重视体育的价值和功能,希望通过有益的体育活动来获得自身的发展和精神生活的满足。 20世纪80年代初,户外运动从欧美发达国家传入我国,由于它自身具备探险性和未知性,在一些社会组织和户外运动爱好者的带领下,户外运动的参与者和爱好者逐年增多,发展形势十分迅速。从20世纪90年代开始,人们对体育功能的认识发生了转变,社会和个人从极度关注体育的竞技功能逐步转换到了响应90年代所倡导的体育的健身功能上,21世纪到来后,体育向着休闲、娱乐等功能方向发展的态势更加显著,强身健体不再被人们作为唯一的目标来追求。随着竞技体育地位的弱化,体育的休闲娱乐功能得到加强,形式新颖、参与程度高、注重团结协作的户外运动迎来了崭新的春天。 户外活动在以自然环境为运动场地的要求下,对活动的参与者而言,具有一定程度的挑战和探险,其本身具有的团队协作性强,参与程度高,内涵方式多样,形式自由,有利于个性张扬,挖掘潜能,顺应了社会发展的时代潮流的需要,是一门综合性的学科。户外运动的概念有广义和狭义之分,从广义上讲户外运动包括一切在户外进行的以休闲、娱乐、健身目的的所有运动项目；狭义的户外运动则特指一切利用非人工场地(不是以运动为目的而建立的场地)所进行的带有一定健身目的和运动强度、探险索胜、挑战性的体育运动项目总和。本文探讨的对象是狭义的户外运动。相对于田径、游泳、球类等传统体育运动而言,户外运动在我国仍是一门新兴的体育项目。从体育角度来分析,户外运动并不是简单地指代在户外开展的活动或者运动,而是指带有组织性、规模性、商业性色彩的借助特殊器材进行户外旅游和户外活动的一项体育活动。 户外运动在我国由于起步晚,认知不够全面,发展不够充分等原因,目前,体育界对这一领域并没有完整系统的研究,研究水平和层次和发达国家相比相对较低,且尚未建立一个完整的的学科和理论体系。本文通过从理论、实践与政策层面上了解和探讨,旨在探寻户外运动在我国发展的时代特征和历史脉络,在建设“健康重庆”的历史任务中,充分利用重庆独一无二的地理面貌和地域形态,加大开展开展户外体育活动,促进人民群众体质健康水平,丰富人们运动锻炼的方式,提高人民幸福指数。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of information technology revolution, the productivity level has been greatly improved with unprecedented speed and strength, thus making people's material life more colorful; However, with the fierce competition of fast-paced work and a large number of labor liberation, people's values and production, lifestyle has also undergone tremendous changes, individuals have more leisure time; The educational level and the cultural demand in the world are improving constantly. Human beings attach importance to the value and function of sports and hope to obtain their own development and the satisfaction of spiritual life through beneficial sports activities. In the early 1980s, outdoor sports were introduced into our country from developed countries in Europe and America. Due to its adventurous and unknown nature, under the leadership of some social organizations and outdoor sports enthusiasts, the number of participants and enthusiasts of outdoor sports has increased year by year. The situation is developing very rapidly. Since the 1990s, people's understanding of sports function has changed, the society and individuals have gradually changed from paying great attention to the sports competitive function to responding to the sports fitness function advocated in the 1990s. After the arrival of the 21st century, The trend of sports development towards leisure, entertainment and other functions is more significant, physical fitness is no longer pursued as the only goal. With the weakening of the position of competitive sports, the recreational function of sports is strengthened, the form is novel, the degree of participation is high, and the outdoor sports which pay attention to the unity and cooperation ushered in a new spring. Under the requirement of taking the natural environment as the sports venue, outdoor activities have some challenges and explorations to the participants of the activities. They have strong team cooperation, high degree of participation, various connotations and free forms. It is a comprehensive subject, which is beneficial to the publicity of personality and potential, and conforms to the needs of the social development of the times. The concept of outdoor sports is divided into broad sense and narrow sense. In a broad sense, outdoor sports include all sports items which are carried out outdoors for the purpose of leisure, entertainment and fitness. In a narrow sense, outdoor sports refer to the sum of all sports items with certain fitness purpose and intensity, adventure winning and challenge, which are carried out by the use of non-artificial field (not established for the purpose of sports). The object of this paper is outdoor sports in narrow sense. Compared with track and field, swimming, ball games and other traditional sports, outdoor sports in China is still a new sport. From a sports point of view, outdoor sports do not simply refer to activities or activities carried out outdoors, but rather to organizations and scale. A sporting activity for outdoor travel and outdoor activities with the help of special equipment. Due to the late start of outdoor sports in our country, the cognition is not comprehensive enough, the development is not enough and so on. At present, there is no complete and systematic research on this field in sports circles, and the research level and level are relatively low compared with developed countries. And has not yet established a complete discipline and theoretical system. Through understanding and discussing from the theory, practice and policy level, this paper aims to explore the characteristics and historical context of outdoor sports development in China, and in the historical task of building "healthy Chongqing", Make full use of Chongqing's unique geographical features and regional forms, increase outdoor sports activities, promote the people's physical health level, enrich the way people exercise, and improve the people's happiness index.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G895
本文编号：2372581
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of information technology revolution, the productivity level has been greatly improved with unprecedented speed and strength, thus making people's material life more colorful; However, with the fierce competition of fast-paced work and a large number of labor liberation, people's values and production, lifestyle has also undergone tremendous changes, individuals have more leisure time; The educational level and the cultural demand in the world are improving constantly. Human beings attach importance to the value and function of sports and hope to obtain their own development and the satisfaction of spiritual life through beneficial sports activities. In the early 1980s, outdoor sports were introduced into our country from developed countries in Europe and America. Due to its adventurous and unknown nature, under the leadership of some social organizations and outdoor sports enthusiasts, the number of participants and enthusiasts of outdoor sports has increased year by year. The situation is developing very rapidly. Since the 1990s, people's understanding of sports function has changed, the society and individuals have gradually changed from paying great attention to the sports competitive function to responding to the sports fitness function advocated in the 1990s. After the arrival of the 21st century, The trend of sports development towards leisure, entertainment and other functions is more significant, physical fitness is no longer pursued as the only goal. With the weakening of the position of competitive sports, the recreational function of sports is strengthened, the form is novel, the degree of participation is high, and the outdoor sports which pay attention to the unity and cooperation ushered in a new spring. Under the requirement of taking the natural environment as the sports venue, outdoor activities have some challenges and explorations to the participants of the activities. They have strong team cooperation, high degree of participation, various connotations and free forms. It is a comprehensive subject, which is beneficial to the publicity of personality and potential, and conforms to the needs of the social development of the times. The concept of outdoor sports is divided into broad sense and narrow sense. In a broad sense, outdoor sports include all sports items which are carried out outdoors for the purpose of leisure, entertainment and fitness. In a narrow sense, outdoor sports refer to the sum of all sports items with certain fitness purpose and intensity, adventure winning and challenge, which are carried out by the use of non-artificial field (not established for the purpose of sports). The object of this paper is outdoor sports in narrow sense. Compared with track and field, swimming, ball games and other traditional sports, outdoor sports in China is still a new sport. From a sports point of view, outdoor sports do not simply refer to activities or activities carried out outdoors, but rather to organizations and scale. A sporting activity for outdoor travel and outdoor activities with the help of special equipment. Due to the late start of outdoor sports in our country, the cognition is not comprehensive enough, the development is not enough and so on. At present, there is no complete and systematic research on this field in sports circles, and the research level and level are relatively low compared with developed countries. And has not yet established a complete discipline and theoretical system. Through understanding and discussing from the theory, practice and policy level, this paper aims to explore the characteristics and historical context of outdoor sports development in China, and in the historical task of building "healthy Chongqing", Make full use of Chongqing's unique geographical features and regional forms, increase outdoor sports activities, promote the people's physical health level, enrich the way people exercise, and improve the people's happiness index.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G895
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