退耕还林政策交替期补偿到期农户复耕意愿研究

发布时间：2018-01-08 06:28

本文关键词：退耕还林政策交替期补偿到期农户复耕意愿研究　出处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2017年11期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：退耕还林政策交替期是首轮退耕补偿到期、延长期退耕成果巩固以及新一轮退耕规模扩大的关键时期。本文以土地依赖为视角,基于补偿到期农户农林业生计分析,探究土地依赖对农户复耕意愿的影响。利用西安交通大学人口与发展研究所课题组2015年11月陕西延安吴起县所收集的农户调查数据,建立内生样本选择三阶段模型,从农林业收入和劳动力投入两方面分析了退耕补偿到期农户的土地依赖程度,及其对农户复耕意愿和计划复耕程度的影响。研究表明,退耕还林政策交替期退耕补偿收入及退耕地上相关收益较少,不足以支持补偿到期农户发展替代生计和保障口粮安全,农户对土地生产的需求会构成其复耕或不愿退耕的重要原因。农户对土地的依赖与退耕还林的可持续性之间并非简单的冲突对立关系,补偿到期农户对土地的收入依赖程度越强,其复耕的可能性越低,计划复耕程度越低,可见,一定程度的土地依赖为其发展多样化生计提供生存基础和粮食安全保障,反而会促使农户巩固退耕还林成果;相反,补偿到期农户对土地生产投入越多的劳动力,其复耕的意愿越强,计划复耕程度越高。因此,保障退耕还林成果的可持续性重点在于提升农户农林生产效率,发展劳动集约型土地生产,优化农村劳动力配置。此外,以农村扶贫与发展为目标的移民搬迁工程在促进新型城镇化的同时,对农户退耕还林行为的可持续性也有重要、积极的影响。退耕还林工程与易地扶贫搬迁工程等农村扶贫与发展项目相结合,更有助于实现贫困山区生态保护与发展的双赢目标。
[Abstract]:The policy of returning farmland to forest succession is the first round of farmland compensation due to the consolidation and extension of a new round of land to expand the scale of the critical period. This paper uses the land dependence from the perspective of compensation due to farmers' forestry livelihood analysis based on the study on the land dependent effects on farmers' rehabilitation willingness. Using the household survey data of population and Development Institute of Xi'an Jiao Tong University the research group in November 2015 in Shaanxi Yanan Wuqi County collected samples, three stage model selection to establish, from agricultural and forestry income and labor input two aspects to analyze the dependence of farmers land compensation to maturity, and its impact on Farmers' willingness and rehabilitation plan of rehabilitation. The study shows that the policy of returning farmland to forest succession farmland compensation income and the land related income less, not enough to support farmers to develop alternative livelihoods due compensation and guarantee food safety, farmers An important reason for the production of land demand will constitute its rehabilitation or unwilling to farmland. The conflict is not a simple relationship between sustainable farmers dependence and returning to the land of forest, compensation due to farmers on the land revenue dependence is stronger, the possibility of rehabilitation is lower, the lower the degree of rehabilitation plan, therefore, must the degree of dependence of land livelihood diversification and food security to provide foundation for its development, but will encourage farmers to consolidate the results of returning farmland to forest; on the contrary, the compensation due to farmers on the land into production more labor, the rehabilitation will get stronger and more high degree of rehabilitation plan. Therefore, guarantee the results of returning farmland to forest sustainability focus is to enhance the farmers agricultural production efficiency, the development of labor intensive land production, optimize rural labor allocation. In addition, the rural poverty alleviation and development as the goal of the migration project In promoting the new urbanization at the same time, the farmers returning farmland to forest sustainable behavior has important and positive effect. The project of returning farmland to forest and poverty alleviation of rural poverty alleviation and development projects such as relocation project combination, more helpful for the realization of ecological protection and development in poor mountainous areas of the double win target.

【作者单位】：西安交通大学公共政策与管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目“生态补偿政策对贫困山区农户可持续生计的作用机制及评估的理论与实证研究:以陕西安康为例”(批准号:71273204);“西部重点生态功能区农村社区参与旅游发展的途径、减贫机制与可持续发展研究:以陕南为例”(批准号:71573205) 陕西高校人文社会科学青年英才支持计划项目(批准号:HSSTP)
【分类号】：F323.211
【正文快照】： 退耕还林工程在历经了16年的推广实施与成果巩固阶段之后进入了新的政策交替期。这一时期补偿群体结构更为复杂,涉及补偿到期农户、补偿减半农户、新一轮退耕农户等,他们(尤其是补偿到期农户)的退耕行为是否会因补偿激励的削弱而受到影响,是否会对退耕还林工程的实施以及未来

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