内蒙古半农半牧区农户生计资产与生计方式研究——以科右中旗双榆树嘎查为例

发布时间：2018-01-12 20:22

本文关键词：内蒙古半农半牧区农户生计资产与生计方式研究——以科右中旗双榆树嘎查为例　出处：《地理科学》2017年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：基于可持续生计框架,采用统计分析和深度访谈法,将研究区293户农户按生计活动类型划为牧户(牛户、羊户、牛羊户和马户)、种植户和非农户,并按农户生计资产总值进一步划为高、中、低3个等级类型,进而分析了不同类型和不同等级农户的生计资产与生计活动及方式的依存关系。研究发现:各类农户的生计资产均值差距明显,牧户最高,为0.37,种植户为0.25,非农户为0.21;牧户的劳动力、草场、牲畜、现金、贷款等资产均值最高,种植户的农机和耕地资产均值最高,非农户的社会资产均值最高。目前,半农半牧区的农户仍然以旱作种植业和草地畜牧业为主要生计,但农牧业生产均面临较大的资源环境压力;非农户只占15.3%,且面临非农就业机会不足、个人技能缺失、语言障碍和务农时间与用工季节的冲突。最后,提出了提高农户收入和改善农户生计的对策建议。
[Abstract]:Based on the sustainable livelihood framework, 293 households in the study area were classified into pastoral households (cattle households, sheep households, cattle households, sheep households and horse households), growers and non-farmers by means of statistical analysis and in-depth interviews. According to the total value of farmers' livelihood assets, it is further classified as high, middle and low three grade types. Then it analyzes the relationship between the livelihood assets of different types and different levels of farmers and their livelihood activities and ways. It is found that the difference in the mean value of livelihood assets of all kinds of farmers is obvious and the pastoral value is the highest (0.37). 0.25 for growers and 0.21 for non-farm households; Pastoral labor, pasture, livestock, cash, loans and other assets have the highest average, growers have the highest average of farm machinery and cultivated land assets, non-farm households have the highest average social assets. Farmers in semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas still rely on dry farming and grassland animal husbandry as the main livelihood, but agricultural and animal husbandry production is faced with greater pressure of resources and environment. Non-farm households only account for 15.3%, and face the lack of non-agricultural employment opportunities, lack of personal skills, language barriers and the conflict between the agricultural time and the employment season. Finally. The countermeasures and suggestions to improve the income and livelihood of farmers are put forward.
【作者单位】：东北师范大学地理科学学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目(15BJL108) 国家自然科学基金青年项目(41001107) 吉林省科技厅项目(20130522061JH) 吉林省教育厅项目(2014B037) 东北师范大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(QT15002)资助~~
【分类号】：F323.6
【正文快照】： 生计是一种谋生方式,农户生计包含了农户为了生存和发展所需的能力、资产和从事的活动以及获得这些的权利[1]。目前,发展中国家和地区的农户生计问题倍受关注,特别是在偏远的生态脆弱地区,因为这些地区非农化程度低且生计多样化发展缓慢,仍主要依托自然资源维持生计[2,3]。但

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