河北省新型农业经营体系构建研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 02:25

本文关键词：河北省新型农业经营体系构建研究　出处：《河北经贸大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着新型城镇化的推进,城乡劳动力结构出现了很大的调整,农村面临空心化、人口老龄化等问题。传统的农业经营体系是以农户家庭经为基础,生产粗放、农业兼业、组织分散、市场封闭,投入产出效率低,抗风险能力弱,已不适合农业的现代化发展。党的十八大以来,新型农业经营体系的构建一直是一项重要的指导政策,也是传统农业向现代农业转变,解决“由谁种地、怎么种地”问题的有效途径。作为农业大省,河北省也积极发展多种形式的适度规模经营,对如何构建符合国家政策和自身发展阶段要求的新型农业经营体系进行了不断地改革探索,鼓励土地向家庭农场等新型农业经营主体流转,逐步实现要素集约化、产业专业化、规模组织化和服务社会化的农业经营。本文主要利用区域产业分工合作理论、共生理论等,立足于河北省农业特色优势产业的发展,运用比较分析方法和定量分析方法,从新型农业经营体系的“集约化、组织化、专业化、社会化”四个特征出发,对河北省的构建现状进行分析。集约化不仅注重农业生产效率的提高,也体现在土地、科技、信息等生产要素在农业生产经营过程中的贡献程度。组织化是从家庭农场等新型农业经营主体的数量、规模、示范带动效果等方面说明农业经营的规模组织化程度。专业化是从河北省农业区域特色产业的布局,农产品生产加工基地,以及现代农业产业园区的建设来反映农业产业发展的专门化水平。社会化则是考虑农业生产经营过程中,由不同的机构组织提供,包括农机服务、信息服务、融资服务和农业产业协会等提供的综合性服务。河北省在探索如何构建新型农业经营体系过程中,也面临了政府鼓励政策力度还不大、土地流转不畅,劳动力、资金等要素资源的投入质量还不高,家庭农场等新型农业经营主体的发展还不规范,区域合作不紧密,社会化服务落后等问题。为了充分发挥家庭农场、农民专业合作社的示范带动作用,利用规范分析和实证分析的方法,构建了“1+2+4+4”框架,农户和新型农业经营主体的共生机制,以及主体间的共生机制。在共生机制下,通过完善政府的优惠政策和土地流转制度、提高要素的投入质量、创新新型农业经营主体的经营理念、加强区域合作、拓宽社会化服务等,构建一个符合河北省农村经济、农业产业、农民素质发展的新型农业经营体系。
[Abstract]:With the development of new urbanization, the structure of urban and rural labor force has been greatly adjusted, and the rural areas are faced with problems such as hollowing out and aging of the population. The traditional agricultural management system is based on the rural household economy and produces extensively. Agricultural concurrent business, decentralized organization, closed market, low input-output efficiency, weak ability to resist risks, is not suitable for the modernization of agriculture since the 18 National Congress of the Party. The construction of new agricultural management system has been an important guiding policy, and it is also an effective way to solve the problem of "who cultivates land and how to cultivate land". Hebei Province has also actively developed a variety of forms of moderate scale management, how to build a new agricultural management system that meets the requirements of national policies and its own stage of development has been constantly explored. We will encourage the transfer of land to new types of agricultural operators such as family farms and gradually realize the intensification of elements and the specialization of industries. This paper mainly uses the theory of regional industrial division and cooperation, symbiosis theory and so on, based on the development of agricultural characteristic advantage industries in Hebei Province. By means of comparative analysis and quantitative analysis, this paper starts from the four characteristics of the new agricultural management system: intensive, organized, specialized and socialized. The construction of Hebei Province is analyzed. Intensive not only pay attention to the improvement of agricultural production efficiency, but also reflected in land, science and technology. The degree of contribution of information and other factors of production in the process of agricultural production and management. Organization is from the number and scale of new types of agricultural management such as family farms. The demonstration and driving effect shows the degree of scale organization of agricultural management. Specialization is from the layout of agricultural regional characteristic industries of Hebei Province, agricultural production and processing base. And the construction of modern agricultural industrial park to reflect the specialized level of agricultural industry development. Socialization is to consider the agricultural production and management process, by different organizations to provide, including agricultural machinery services, information services. Hebei Province in the process of exploring how to build a new agricultural management system, also faced with the government to encourage the policy strength is not enough, land circulation is not smooth, labor force. The investment quality of capital and other factors resources is not high, the development of new agricultural management main body such as family farm is not standardized, the regional cooperation is not close, the social service is backward and so on, in order to give full play to the family farm. The demonstration and driving role of farmers' specialized cooperatives, using the methods of normative analysis and empirical analysis, constructs a "124" framework, a symbiotic mechanism between farmers and new agricultural management subjects. Under the symbiotic mechanism, through perfecting the preferential policy and land circulation system of the government, improving the input quality of the elements, innovating the management idea of the new agricultural management subject, strengthening the regional cooperation. To construct a new agricultural management system in line with the development of rural economy, agricultural industry and farmers' quality in Hebei Province.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F325

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