城市果蔬物流定位路线问题优化研究

发布时间：2018-01-18 10:32

本文关键词：城市果蔬物流定位路线问题优化研究　出处：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：配送是物流系统众多环节中的一个,并且是上下层级货物流通的唯一形式。然而我国物流起步晚,尤其是果蔬类农产品物流的发展现状不容乐观。因为果蔬配送往往有时效性和果蔬产品新鲜度的要求,所以果蔬物流配送半径范围只能覆盖到配送中心的附近;同时也因为果蔬配送服务的对象常呈现出品种多、批次多、批量小的现象,所以导致这种配送网络较一般的工业产品网络更为复杂、零散、难规划。这就更凸显出在城市中哪一处选择合适数量、大小的物流配送中心,并能安排覆盖诸如小区、市场、连锁超市等末端环节网点的迫切性了。这样做的目的不单单只是提高了果蔬类农产品的配送效率,节约果蔬物流整体的成本,更加有指导意义的优化了整个配送环节上下层所涉及到的配送中心点及相关供需点的选址等一系列问题。通过了解果蔬物流的相关理论,明确了配送中心选址对于整个物流系统的重要性。首先对果蔬类农产品物流配送中心的选址做出的一系列假设,这些合理假设都是建立在一般物流配送中心选址流程的基础上的,着重从配送中心点和需求点数目、上下层覆盖关系、居民方便性和总工程费用等方面进行考虑。在这些思考要素的基础上,以总成本最小为目标函数创建常见的蔬菜类农产品多站点配送中心的数学选址模型。并对集成了LAP和VRP的LRP问题给予了数学描述和特征分类之后,针对非编程人员及新技术的发现,阐述了本文将使用TransCAD等技术软件在当代运筹学的基础上施行果蔬类物流LRP问题的解决方案。分析完果蔬物流的特点和LRP问题的思想后,并没有按照自上而下的层级顺序来研究,而是自下而上的按照“客户(居民)→供需点(市场或超市)→配送中心(仓库)”的顺序来研究两个层级的配送选址优化问题。首先利用SPSS中的K-均值聚类方法,通过方差分析对供需点层的设施点具体位置做出统计分析,即确定配送中心所需配送服务的位置和其服务的客户群。然后针对果蔬类物流的特点,以成本最小为原则来利用TransCAD仿真软件中的物流模块按LRP思想求解配送中心到不同供需点的最优配送路径,最终得到配送中心设施的最优选址位置。
[Abstract]:Distribution is one of the many links in the logistics system, and it is the only form of goods circulation at the upper and lower levels. However, logistics in China started late. In particular, the development of the logistics of fruits and vegetables is not optimistic. Because the distribution of fruits and vegetables often has the requirements of timeliness and freshness of fruit and vegetable products, the radius of distribution of fruits and vegetables can only cover the vicinity of the distribution center. At the same time, because the object of fruit and vegetable distribution service often presents the phenomenon of many varieties, lots and small batches, so the distribution network is more complex and scattered than the general industrial product network. Difficult to plan. This highlights where in the city to choose the right number, size of the logistics distribution center, and can be arranged to cover such as residential, market. Chain supermarkets and other links such as the urgency of the network. This is not only to improve the delivery efficiency of fruits and vegetables agricultural products, saving the overall cost of fruit and vegetable logistics. More instructive optimization of the whole distribution links involved in the upper and lower levels of distribution center points and related supply and demand points of a series of issues. Through understanding the related theory of fruit and vegetable logistics. The importance of distribution center location for the whole logistics system is clarified. Firstly, a series of assumptions are made on the location of fruit and vegetable agricultural products logistics distribution center. These reasonable assumptions are based on the general logistics distribution center location process, focusing on the number of distribution center points and demand points, the upper and lower layer coverage relationship. The convenience of residents and the total cost of the project are taken into account. On the basis of these considerations. Taking the minimum total cost as the objective function, the mathematical location model of the common multi-site distribution center of vegetable agricultural products is established, and the LRP problem which integrates LAP and VRP is described and classified by mathematics. The discovery of non-programmers and new technologies. This paper expounds the solution of LRP problem of fruit and vegetable logistics based on the modern operation research, and analyzes the characteristics of fruit and vegetable logistics and the idea of LRP problem. Not in top-down hierarchical order, but bottom-up in terms of "customer" (resident). 鈫扴upply and demand point (market or supermarket). 鈫扵he order of distribution center (warehouse) is used to study the distribution location optimization problem of two levels. Firstly, the K-means clustering method in SPSS is used. Through variance analysis of the supply and demand level of the specific location of facilities to make a statistical analysis, that is, to determine the distribution center needs the location of distribution services and their customer groups, and then in accordance with the characteristics of fruit and vegetable logistics. Based on the principle of minimum cost, the logistics module in TransCAD simulation software is used to solve the optimal distribution path from distribution center to different supply and demand points according to LRP idea. Finally, the optimal location of distribution center facilities is obtained.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.6;U116.2

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