中国农地经营规模对农业劳动生产率的影响及其区域差异

发布时间：2018-02-04 05:21

本文关键词： 劳动生产率农地经营规模平衡面板土地流转　出处：《自然资源学报》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：农业劳动生产率偏低依旧是中国农业发展的瓶颈,它关系着农民增收和农业发展,提高劳动生产率迫在眉睫。在土地规模不断集中已成为顶层设计基本共识的前提下,理清农地经营规模与劳动生产率之间的关系尤为重要。基于此,论文利用2000—2013年中国大陆31个省份的面板数据,通过理论推断与实证检验,对劳动生产率与农地经营规模的关系进行了定量分析。结果表明:从全国、不同地貌及三大经济带来看,劳动生产率与农地经营规模之间均存在鲜明的"倒L型"关系,即初始阶段,扩大农地经营规模能显著提高劳动生产率,但区域间差异明显,后期劳动生产率会稳定在某一状态。当前,农地规模远小于人均农地的最优经营规模,农地规模的集中是提高劳动生产率的重要举措,推进发展适度规模经营的政策仍有较大的操作空间。政府需要做的是,降低土地流转的交易成本,推动实现多种形式的农地适度规模经营,并兼顾不同区域的差异。
[Abstract]:Low agricultural productivity is still the bottleneck of China's agricultural development, which is related to the increase of farmers' income and agricultural development. It is urgent to improve labor productivity. Under the premise that land scale concentration has become the basic consensus of top-level design, it is particularly important to clarify the relationship between agricultural land management scale and labor productivity. Using panel data from 31 provinces in mainland China from 2000 to 2013, the paper uses theoretical inference and empirical test. The relationship between labor productivity and the scale of agricultural land management is quantitatively analyzed. The results show that: from the whole country, different landforms and three major economies bring about. There is a distinct "inverted L-type" relationship between the labor productivity and the scale of agricultural land management, that is, in the initial stage, expanding the scale of agricultural land management can significantly improve labor productivity, but the regional differences are obvious. At present, the scale of agricultural land is much smaller than the optimal scale of agricultural land per capita, and the concentration of agricultural land scale is an important measure to improve labor productivity. What the government needs to do is to reduce the transaction cost of land circulation and to promote the realization of various forms of moderate scale management of agricultural land. The differences of different regions are also taken into account.
【作者单位】：中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41571095,41271119) 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2015CB452700)~~
【分类号】：F321.1
【正文快照】： 改革开放以来,中国的农业劳动生产率有了很大提升,但整体水平依然偏低。世界银行的数据显示:在2010年世界128个国家或地区的比较中,中国的土地生产率(每公顷耕地的谷物产出)为5 520.6 kg,排在第16位,远超世界平均水平的3 563.54 kg。但是,中国的农业劳动生产率(每个劳动者的农

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