村庄压煤山丘区土地综合整治视角下的农地规模经营研究

发布时间：2018-02-16 02:02

本文关键词： 规模经营农业现代化农业补贴种粮效益劳动力转移　出处：《中国地质大学(北京)》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国实行了家庭联产承包责任制,农村经济飞速发展,在此期间,农村主要采取了按照人口或者劳动力平均分配的方式分配土地,一方面调动了农民的积极性,另一方面,也造成了农户经营规模普遍较小,土地细碎化严重的后果。据统计,长河流域农户户均实际耕地面积只有5亩左右,农地规模狭小已经成为制约长河流域农业发展的一大瓶颈。发展规模经营是农业现代化、产业化的关键步骤和最终选择,也是农业生产力发展的内在要求。发展农地规模经营对于长河流域地区土地资源近一步优化配置,改变城市化、工业化进程中农业发展落后、土地产出率低、农业资源浪费严重的尴尬局面,减少或规避农户盲目配置农地资源的风险,提高土地产出效率,增加农民收入,保证地区粮食生产安全有着较强的现实意义。本文主要通过对该地自然地理条件的分析、农业现代化水平的评价,农业补贴政策和农民种粮效益对农地规模经营的影响以及劳动力转移趋势的分析,由农业机械化、农民种粮收益、劳动力转移三个视角计算预测该地区农地规模经营的面积大小。首先,农业现代化综合水平年平均增长率为28.7%,截止2012年,农业现代化综合水平指数为0.809;其次,从农业补贴政策来看,农业补贴政策对农民种粮的积极性较低,同时进一步促进了该地土地的细碎化,实质上对该地农地规模化经营的的激励作用较弱;再次,就农民种粮效益而言,农民种粮的相对效益较高,但绝对效益较低,种粮的机会成本显著增高;再次,农村劳动力的转移问题,预计2030年转移率将达到75%,转移的方式逐渐向“家庭式”的转移为主。最后,从农业机械化、农户收益和劳动力转移三个视角来看,该地农户规模经营的面积基本维持在47.4亩至53.12亩,即可满足农民自身生存和发展需求。因此,逐步改善长河流域农地细碎化现状,发展农地规模经营对于长河流域农业经济发展、农民收入增加至关重要。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the household contract responsibility system has been implemented in our country, and the rural economy has developed rapidly. During this period, the rural areas have mainly adopted the distribution of land according to the average distribution of population or labor force. On the one hand, they have mobilized the enthusiasm of the peasants. On the other hand, it has also resulted in the small scale of farmers' operation and the serious consequences of the fragmentation of land. According to statistics, the actual average cultivated land area of households in the Changhe River Basin is only about 5 mu. The small scale of agricultural land has become a major bottleneck restricting the development of agriculture in the Changhe River Basin. The development of scale management is the key step and final choice of agricultural modernization and industrialization. It is also the inherent requirement of the development of agricultural productive forces. The development of agricultural land scale management can further optimize the allocation of land resources, change urbanization, lag behind in agricultural development and low land output rate in the process of industrialization. The serious embarrassing situation of wasting agricultural resources reduces or avoids the risk of farmers blindly allocating farmland resources, improves the efficiency of land output, and increases farmers' income. It is of great practical significance to ensure the safety of regional grain production. This paper mainly through the analysis of the local physical and geographical conditions, the evaluation of the level of agricultural modernization, The effects of agricultural subsidy policy and farmers' grain planting benefit on the scale management of agricultural land and the trend of labor force transfer are analyzed. First, the average annual growth rate of agricultural modernization level is 28.70.The index of agricultural modernization comprehensive level is 0.809 as of 2012. From the perspective of agricultural subsidy policy, the agricultural subsidy policy has lower enthusiasm for farmers to grow grain, at the same time, it further promotes the fragmentation of the land in this area, and in essence, it has a weaker incentive effect on the large-scale operation of agricultural land in this area; thirdly, As far as the benefit of farmers growing grain is concerned, the relative benefit of farmers growing grain is higher, but the absolute benefit is lower, and the opportunity cost of grain planting is significantly increased. Thirdly, the transfer of rural labor force, In 2030, the transfer rate is expected to reach 75%, and the mode of transfer will gradually shift to "family-style". Finally, from the perspectives of agricultural mechanization, peasant household income and labor transfer, The area of farmers' scale management is basically maintained in the range of 47.4 to 53.12 mu, which can meet the subsistence and development needs of the farmers themselves. Therefore, the present situation of farmland fragmentation in the Changhe River Basin is improved step by step. It is very important to develop agricultural land scale management for the development of agricultural economy and the increase of farmers' income.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F321.1

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