农民工市民化过程中地方政府行为的双重性研究

发布时间：2018-02-16 00:34

本文关键词： 农民工市民化制度主体地方政府双重性　出处：《安徽大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放30多年以来,我国城镇化率从17.9%提升到54.77%,从总体上看我国城镇化速度提高很快,但是质量并不高,空间的城镇化并没有相应的带来人口的城镇化。从2014年的官方数据看,我国常住人口城镇化率达到54.7%,但其中户籍人口城镇化率却仅有37%左右,产生了17.7%的城镇化率差距。党的十八大提出了新型城镇化的发展方向,新型城镇化需要以人为核心,注重提高城镇化的质量,力求实现土地城镇化与人口城镇化的同步。而当前人口城镇化最突出的问题就是农民工的市民化,因此,如何帮助数量庞大的农民工群体实现市民化,使其与城镇居民共建共享城市现代文明成果,成为我国当前新型城镇化建设过程中的重大课题。本文将农民工市民化过程看作是以户籍制度为中心的二元结构体系逐渐转向一元结构体系的制度变迁过程。这一过程是由中央政府、地方政府和农民工群体这三个主要制度变迁主体在不断博弈中完成的,而其中地方政府这一主体起着关键性的制度创新作用。所以笔者主要选取市民化过程中的地方政府行为特征为研究对象。本文经过分析认为地方政府行为具有双重性是市民化进程缓慢的主要根源,并且从机理上挖掘了地方政府行为带有双重性特征的原因,进而对症下药,提出促进农民工市民化进程中地方政府行为优化的对策建议。首先,在陈述了相关的理论基础后,对农民工市民化的现状及其成因进行了较全面的探析。一方面从宏观数据上分析,指出农民工群体整体上市民化进程止步不前；另一方面从微观个案上考察,认为农民工的权益保障仍然处于严重缺失状态,进而得出整体上市民化进程不尽如人意的结论。接着,对这种现象形成的根源进行剖析。在我国,市民化进程是由政府主导,但中央政府主要是提出渐进变革的政策指导意见,某一地区的市民化进度主要取决于当地地方政府的作为。本文的观点是,当前农民工市民化进程止步不前、农民工权益保障缺失的主要根源在于地方政府的行为具有双重性,即地方政府在积极支持农民工流入以利用农民工的劳动价值的同时又对农民工实现市民化不积极支持从而规避其福利负担减少支出。随后,本文进一步尝试从两个方面对农民工市民化进程中地方政府行为的双重性的原因进行分析。第一个方面,地方政府的行为特征主要是和其所处的政府治理结构中的具体制度安排有关,因此先着力于分析当前经济社会转型期具体的激励和约束市民化过程中地方政府及其官员行为的制度安排；又由于市民化过程涉及三个制度主体,即中央政府、地方政府和农民工群体,因此第二个方面对地方政府与另外两个制度主体的作用过程进行分析,具体阐释在市民化过程中地方政府行为的双重性特征是如何形成的。最终的结论是在当前状态下,地方政府行为必然带有双重性特征从而导致以基本公共服务均等化为核心的农民工市民化进程难以有实质性的突破。最后,本文在结合前面的分析的基础上提出如何促使地方政府的行为实现优化。具体来说,认为需要通过完善中央地方之间的分税制、重塑中央对地方政府的考核机制、完善财政转移支付制度和增强对地方政府行为的约束来实现地方政府行为的优化。
[Abstract]:Since 30 years of reform and opening up, China's urbanization rate increased from 17.9% to 54.77%, China's urbanization rate increased quickly in general, but the quality is not high, the space of urbanization and no corresponding population urbanization. From the official data in 2014, of the resident population rate in cities and towns in China up to 54.7%, but the household population urbanization rate is only about 37%, the urbanization rate gap between the 17.7%. The eighteen Party's proposed new urbanization development, new urbanization to human centered, focusing on improving the quality of urbanization, and strive to achieve the synchronization of land urbanization and population urbanization. The current population urbanization of the most prominent problem is the citizenization of migrant workers, therefore, how to help a large number of migrant workers to realize citizen, to share the achievements of modern civilization city and urban residents to build, as China's current The major topic of the new urbanization process. The process of citizenization of migrant workers is regarded as a process of institutional change of two yuan structure system based on the household registration system as the center gradually shifted to a dual structure system. This process is made by the central government, local government and migrant workers in the three main subject of institutional changes in time in the game the local government, which this subject plays a key role of system innovation. So the author chooses the local government behavior in the process of the public as the research object in this paper. Through analysis of local government behavior has dual nature is a major cause of urbanization is slow, reason, and the mechanism of mining of local government then the dual characteristic behavior with an antidote against the disease, puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to optimize the local government behavior of migrant workers in the public process. First of all, in a statement The relevant theoretical basis, present situation and causes of citizenization of migrant workers were analyzed comprehensively. On the one hand from the analysis of the macro data, pointed out that the migrant workers group listed as a whole the process stalled; on the other hand, from the perspective of micro case, think to protect the interests of migrant workers is still in a serious state of loss, and then come to the whole process of the public is not satisfactory conclusion. Then, analyze the causes of this phenomenon. In our country, urbanization is dominated by the government, but the central government mainly puts forward the gradual reform policy guidance, urbanization progress in a certain area mainly depends on the local government as in this paper. The point is that the citizenization of migrant workers stopped, the main root of the absence of protection of the rights of migrant workers is the behavior of the local government has a dual nature, that is in the local government To actively support the use of migrant workers migrant workers into the labor value and the realization of the people of migrant workers don't actively support so as to avoid the burden of welfare spending. Subsequently, this paper tries to analyze the cause of further double of the local government behavior in the process of citizenization of migrant workers from two aspects. The first aspect, behavior of local government is mainly related to specific system arrangement and governance structure in the first, so focus on the analysis of the local government and officials behavior in the current economic and social transformation period specific incentives and constraints in the process of public institution; and because the citizenization process involves three main system, namely, the central government and local government. Migrant workers, therefore carries on the analysis to the local government and the other two system the main role in second aspects, the specific interpretation in public The dual characteristic behavior of local government in the process of how to form. The final conclusion is in the current state, local government behavior inevitably has a dual characteristic which leads to migrant workers citizenization of equalization of basic public services as the core is difficult to have a substantial breakthrough. Finally, based on the analysis on the combination of the previous put forward how to promote the local government behavior optimization. Specifically, consider the need to improve the tax system between central and local governments, to reshape the central assessment mechanism of local government, improve the fiscal transfer payment system and the enhancement of local government behavior constraints to achieve local government behavior optimization.

【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.6;F299.2

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