我国农民工宽容性养老保险制度构建研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 23:36

本文选题：农民工 + 养老保险制度　；参考：《河南师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：农民工是我国城镇化建设的生力军,在城镇化建设中奉献着自己的智慧和力量,并取得了卓越的成绩,并将在今后社会发展过程中继续起到不可替代的作用。但是现实情况是农民工的老年生活保障存在着巨大的隐患,农民工不能公平的享受应有的养老权益。从2015年农民工监测调查报告得出,2015年全国农民工的数量己达到了惊人的27747万,比2014年提升了352万人。虽然增速有所放缓,但是农民工流动人口在近期仍然呈上升趋势。农民工群体步入老年后生活是否能够得到保障,成为不得不面对的重大社会问题。我国各级政府根据自己地域不同的特点进行了不同的实践探索,但是众多模式都有地域限制,统筹层次过低,有大量的弊端,很难满足农民工的真实需求。各地的养老模式普遍陷入参保比例低下,覆盖面狭窄,转移接续困难、退保率高居不下等难题。各地在实际操作运行过程中遇到了相当大的阻力和困难,并没有达到预期的成效。这对构建具有中国特色的全国统一的农民工养老保险制度造成了相当大的冲击。农民工是我国城乡二元体制产生的过渡性群体,并不适应现行的养老保险制度,这就决定国家层面必须根据这个群体的高流动性、低收入等特点为他们量身定制一套属于他们专有的养老保险政策。在此背景下,作者借助各种养老保险理论,并结合我国农民工的特点,根据我国现阶段的国情,通过对地方农民工养老保险的实践总结,得出结论:提出构建具有全国统一性的、宽容性的、过渡性的农民工宽容性养老保险制度。宽容性养老保险制度着重考虑到农民工低收入高流动的特点,重点解决了养老关系转移接续难的问题,站在农民工的角度,为农民工着想,扩大了农民工的覆盖范围,切实维护农民工的养老权益。本文大体分为四个部分:第一章是对研究的基本情况和基本方法的笼统介绍。介绍作者是如何选择该研究课题的,以及研究它的意义所在。第二章对相关概念和理论进行了详细的阐述,通过对人权保障、社会公平、社会平等等理念的分析和诠释,得出构建宽容性养老保险制度的理论依据。此章节又从不同的角度分析了构建宽容性养老保险的可行性和必要性。第三章首先对我国现存的三种地方典型模式进行了介绍,并进行对比,罗列出各种模式的优缺点。然后具体分析了我国的农民工养老保险制度面临的挑战,从制度、实际操作等角度分析了具体现状和困难。在第四章提出构建农民工宽容型养老保险的具体实施办法,通过理论分析,以及对现实的研究得出构建宽容性养老保险重要性。并在本章节具体阐述了农民工宽容性养老保险的基本特点:统一性、宽容性、过渡性。以及介绍了总体思路、具体构想以及具体实施办法、有可能遇到的困难。最终提出构建具有过渡性质的农民工宽容性养老保险制度。
[Abstract]:Migrant workers are the new force in the construction of urbanization in China. They devote their wisdom and strength to the construction of urbanization, and have made outstanding achievements, and will continue to play an irreplaceable role in the process of social development in the future. However, the reality is that there are huge hidden dangers in the old age living security of migrant workers, and migrant workers can not enjoy the rights and interests of the aged fairly. The number of migrant workers across the country reached a staggering 277.47 million in 2015, up 3.52 million from 2014, according to a survey of migrant workers in 2015. Although the growth rate has slowed, but migrant workers floating population in the near future is still on the rise. Whether the peasant workers can be guaranteed after entering the old age has become a major social problem that has to be faced. Chinese governments at all levels have carried out different practical exploration according to their different regional characteristics, but many models have regional limitations, the overall planning level is too low, there are a large number of drawbacks, it is difficult to meet the real needs of migrant workers. The old-age pension model in various places generally falls into the problems of low proportion of insurance participation, narrow coverage, difficult transfer and high rate of withdrawal. Various places have encountered considerable resistance and difficulties in the actual operation process, and have not achieved the expected results. This has caused considerable impact on the construction of a unified national pension insurance system for migrant workers with Chinese characteristics. Migrant workers are a transitional group produced by the dual system of urban and rural areas in China, which does not adapt to the current old-age insurance system, which determines that the national level must be based on the high mobility of this group. Low-income and other characteristics for them to tailor a set of their proprietary endowment insurance policy. In this context, with the help of various endowment insurance theories, combined with the characteristics of migrant workers in China, according to the current situation of our country, through the local migrant workers pension insurance practice summary, Conclusion: to construct a national unified, tolerant, transitional migrant workers tolerant pension insurance system. The tolerant old-age insurance system focuses on taking into account the characteristics of low income and high mobility of migrant workers, and focuses on solving the problem of difficulties in the transfer of the old-age relationship, standing in the perspective of migrant workers, for the sake of migrant workers, and expanding the coverage of migrant workers. We will earnestly safeguard the pension rights and interests of migrant workers. This paper is divided into four parts: the first chapter is a general introduction to the basic situation and methods of the study. This paper introduces how the author chooses the research topic and the significance of studying it. The second chapter has carried on the detailed elaboration to the related concept and the theory, through to the human rights safeguard, the social fair, the social equality and so on concept analysis and the interpretation, obtains constructs the tolerant endowment insurance system the theoretical basis. This chapter also analyzes the feasibility and necessity of constructing tolerant endowment insurance from different angles. In the third chapter, three local typical models are introduced and compared, and the advantages and disadvantages of these models are listed. Then it analyzes the challenges of the pension insurance system for migrant workers in China, and analyzes the current situation and difficulties from the perspective of system and practical operation. In the fourth chapter, the author puts forward the concrete implementation method of constructing the peasant workers' tolerant old-age insurance, through the theoretical analysis, as well as the research on the reality, draws the importance of constructing the tolerant old-age insurance. In this chapter, the author expounds the basic characteristics of peasant workers'tolerant endowment insurance: unity, tolerance and transition. It also introduces the general ideas, concrete ideas and concrete implementation methods, and the difficulties that may be encountered. Finally, a transitional nature of migrant workers tolerant pension insurance system is proposed.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F842.67;F323.89

【参考文献】