区域土地整理综合效益评价的系统动力学分析

发布时间：2018-05-05 11:04

本文选题：区域 + 土地整理　；参考：《河北经贸大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国社会经济的快速发展和城市化进程的加快,对土地资源需求的空前提高使得人地矛盾日益严峻。土地整理是实现耕地动态平衡、保证粮食安全、统筹城乡发展的重要举措。我国当下的土地整理重视新增等地面积、忽视耕地质量和景观生态建设的局面仍未得到彻底转变。如何构建土地整理综合效益评价的理论框架和方法体系对进一步奠定土地整理效益评价理论、提高我国土地整理项目整体效益水平和促进“三农”效益的落实具有重要的理论意义和实践意义。当下大多数学者针对土地整理的效益评价大多集中于单个项目尺度,而且多是经济效益和社会效益的评价,对景观和生态效益甚少涉足。景观生态学最初起源于对土地覆被的研究,研究对象主要是针对景观斑块。土地整理活动是基于景观层面的人类活动,其实质是通过改变土地系统中的景观斑块和廊道等景观要素的特征和空间分布,从而引起景观结构和功能的变化,进而影响生态系统的结构和功能。因此,景观效益与生态效益密切相关,都是土地整理综合效益的重要组成部分。此外,土地系统是一定区域内由土地经济系统、社会系统和生态系统耦合而成复杂系统,不同的子系统内部受制于系统内部的反馈结构,同时,又受到其他子系统作为外部环境对其产生的影响。因此,本文拟从系统的角度出发,应用系统动力学原理,在合理选取区域土地整理综合效益评价指标体系的基础上,构建区域土地整理综合效益评价的系统动力学模型,并基于一定的历史数据,预测未来十年内研究区的土地整理综合效益的发展趋势,通过调整不同参数的组合形成不同的情景方案,进行多次仿真模拟,得出相对最优的情景模式,以期寻求人地协调、景观生态和谐的土地整理模式。本文选取河北省青县作为研究样本,构建区域土地整理综合效益评价模型。结果表明,研究区的土地整理活动在实现新增耕地面积、提高耕地质量、改善生产生活条件以及减少水土流失面积的同时,降低了景观多样性,生物多样性遭到破坏。因此,在今后的工作中应当从维护景观生态功能的角度进行规划设计,以期取得经济、社会和景观生态三项效益的统一。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's social economy and the acceleration of urbanization process, the unprecedented increase in the demand for land resources makes the contradiction between man and land increasingly severe. Land consolidation is an important measure to realize dynamic balance of cultivated land, ensure food security and coordinate urban and rural development. The present situation of land consolidation in our country pays more attention to increasing the area of land and neglecting the quality of cultivated land and the construction of landscape ecology. How to construct the theoretical framework and method system of comprehensive benefit evaluation of land consolidation can further establish the theory of land consolidation benefit evaluation. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to improve the overall benefit level of land consolidation projects in China and to promote the implementation of the benefits of agriculture, rural areas and farmers. At present, most scholars focus on the evaluation of land consolidation benefits on a single project scale, and most of them are the evaluation of economic and social benefits, and rarely involved in landscape and ecological benefits. Landscape ecology originated from the study of land cover. Land consolidation is a kind of human activity based on landscape level. The essence of land consolidation is to change the landscape structure and function by changing the characteristics and spatial distribution of landscape elements such as landscape patches and corridors in the land system. In turn, it affects the structure and function of the ecosystem. Therefore, landscape benefit is closely related to ecological benefit and is an important part of comprehensive benefit of land consolidation. In addition, the land system is a complex system formed by the coupling of the land economic system, the social system and the ecosystem in a certain region, and different subsystems are subject to the feedback structure within the system, at the same time, It is also affected by other subsystems as an external environment. Therefore, from the point of view of system, applying the principle of system dynamics, on the basis of reasonably selecting the evaluation index system of comprehensive benefit of regional land consolidation, this paper constructs the system dynamics model of comprehensive benefit evaluation of regional land consolidation. Based on certain historical data, this paper predicts the development trend of the comprehensive benefit of land consolidation in the next ten years, forms different scenarios by adjusting the combination of different parameters, and simulates many times. The optimal scene model is obtained in order to seek the land consolidation model of human-land coordination and landscape ecological harmony. In this paper, Qingxian County of Hebei Province is selected as the research sample to construct the comprehensive benefit evaluation model of regional land consolidation. The results show that the land consolidation activities in the study area can increase the cultivated land area, improve the quality of cultivated land, improve the production and living conditions and reduce the area of soil and water loss, at the same time, the landscape diversity and biodiversity will be destroyed. Therefore, in the future work, the planning and design should be carried out from the angle of maintaining the ecological function of landscape, in order to achieve the unity of economic, social and landscape ecological benefits.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F301.2

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