南四湖流域土地利用及其景观格局变化分析

发布时间：2018-06-08 14:13

本文选题：土地利用变化 + 景观格局　；参考：《水土保持研究》2017年03期

【摘要】：以1987年、2000年、2014年的Landsat影像数据为基础,借助ENVI,ArcGIS,Fragstats等软件,提取了土地利用信息,计算了景观指数,定量分析了流域土地利用变化及其对景观格局的影响。结果表明:(1)近30年来,南四湖流域土地利用变化突出表现为耕地向建设用地的转化,耕地面积减少1 069.15km2,建设用地面积增加1 573.26km~2。2000—2014年,土地利用综合动态度为0.461%,是1987—2000年的4倍。(2)景观结构上,耕地是流域的主导斑块,面积约占70%,30年来占景观面积的比例降低了3.85%,斑块形状趋于复杂;建设用地日益发展为优势斑块,占景观面积的比例指数增加了6.1%。耕地与建设用地斑块在景观中的变迁,使得流域自然生态功能受到较为严重的干扰。(3)流域总体的景观特征表现为优势斑块明显,景观比较完整,但空间异质性较高而连通性较低。近30年来景观结构由较完整的大斑块主导、演化成小斑块圈点状穿孔于大斑块的格局,景观破碎化较为严重。
[Abstract]:Based on the Landsat image data of 1987, 2000 and 2014, the land use information was extracted, the landscape index was calculated, and the land use change and its influence on landscape pattern were quantitatively analyzed with the aid of ENVII ArcGIS-Fragstats and other software. The results show that the change of land use in Nansihu Basin in the past 30 years is the conversion of cultivated land to construction land, the area of cultivated land decreases by 1069.15km2, and the area of construction land increases by 1 573.26km~2.2000-2014 year. The comprehensive dynamic degree of land use is 0.461, which is 4 times of that in 1987-2000. The cultivated land is the dominant patch in the watershed, the area is about 70%, the proportion of land use in the landscape area has decreased 3.85% in the past 30 years, and the shape of the patch tends to be complex. The proportion index of construction land to landscape area increased by 6.1%. The changes of cultivated land and construction land patches in the landscape make the natural ecological function of the watershed suffer more serious disturbance. The overall landscape characteristics of the basin are as follows: the dominant patch is obvious and the landscape is relatively complete. But the spatial heterogeneity is higher and the connectivity is lower. In the past 30 years, the landscape structure was dominated by relatively complete large patches, and evolved into a pattern of small patch ring punctate perforation in the large patch pattern, and the landscape fragmentation was more serious.
【作者单位】：中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金“面向流域的城市化水文效应与城市可持续发展”(41201166) 江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目国家级大学生创新训练项目(201510290045)
【分类号】：F301.24

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