全球化视野下的中国粮食安全问题研究

发布时间：2018-08-21 12:25

【摘要】：粮丰则农丰,农稳则国安,中国是世界上人口最多的发展中大国,人均耕地面积与水资源分别仅占世界平均水平的40%和1/4。因此,粮食安全不仅是一个经济问题,更是一个政治问题,它是国家安全的一个重要内容。我国粮食从2003年到2014年已经连续增产,实现“十一连增”,为我国粮食安全奠定了坚实的基础。但是,中国的人口持续增长,人们生活水平的提高,饮食结构的不断升级,粮食消费的多元化,使得中国的粮食需求仍将处于快速增长阶段。在全球化发展的大背景下,国际环境也在发生显著变化。全球粮食安全受到的不确定因素日益增多。出现极端天气的状况日益增加,粮食的“能源化”、“金融化’的趋势日益增强,金融资本的投机炒作,使全球粮食价格波动更加剧烈,部分国家因粮食问题导致社会不稳定。从全球化视角看,中国的粮食安全与世界粮食安全密不可分。中国作为世界上人口最多的发展中大国,每年粮食消费量占世界消费总量的1/5,占世界粮食贸易总量的两倍左右。然而,世界粮食市场的供给能力有限,如果中国进口粮食过多,国际市场难以承受,并且会给其他国家带来不利的影响。因此,如果中国粮食不安全,那么世界粮食安全肯定会受到威胁；同样地,如果世界粮食不安全,其肯定会对我国粮食安全产生一定的影响。本文从全球视野来分析国际粮食安全和国内粮食安全的基本状况及制约因素,借鉴他国的经验,根据我国的实际情况,提出确保我国粮食安全的相关对策及措施,从而保障我国的粮食安全。本文一共分为五个部分,第一部分为导论。主要阐述了论文的研究背景、研究目的、研究意义、研究方法、研究内容。第二部分为粮食安全问题的研究综述。该部分主要运用文献分析法，界定了粮食及粮食安全的定义，阐述了本文研究粮食安全的相关理论，梳理了国内外学者对粮食安全的最新动态及观点。第三部分主要分析全球粮食安全现状。通过收集的数据，运用Excel工具绘制成折线图、柱状图表等，对国际市场粮食安全和国内市场粮食安全的现状进行描述，简要分析制约世界粮食安全的问题。第四部分分析影响中国粮食安全的主要因素。从自然因素、政治因素、经济因素、科学技术因素、能源因素、国际因素着手分析，通过大量的数据及图表，运用比较分析法来说明我国粮食安全的制约因素。第五部分提出中国粮食安全战略化选择。比较美国、日本、印度一些政策，并针对影响我国粮食安全的因素，，结合我国的现状，提出切合实际的建议及措施，从而保障我国的粮食安全。
[Abstract]:China is the most populous developing country in the world. The per capita cultivated land area and water resources account for only 40 percent of the world average and a quarter of the world average. Therefore, food security is not only an economic issue, but also a political issue, which is an important content of national security. From 2003 to 2014, China's grain production has been continuously increased, and "eleven consecutive increases" have been realized, which has laid a solid foundation for China's food security. However, with the continuous growth of population, the improvement of people's living standard, the constant upgrading of diet structure and the diversification of grain consumption, China's food demand will still be in a rapid growth stage. In the context of globalization, the international environment is also changing significantly. There is growing uncertainty about global food security. The situation of extreme weather is increasing day by day, the trend of "energy" and "financialization" of grain is increasing day by day, the speculative speculation of financial capital makes global food price fluctuate more sharply, and some countries cause social instability because of food problem. From the perspective of globalization, China's food security and world food security are inseparable. As the most populous developing country in the world, China accounts for 1 / 5 of the world's total food consumption every year, accounting for about twice the world's total grain trade. However, the supply capacity of the world food market is limited. If China imports too much grain, the international market will not be able to bear, and will have adverse effects on other countries. Therefore, if China's food insecurity, then the world food security will be threatened; similarly, if the world food insecurity, it will certainly have a certain impact on China's food security. This paper analyzes the basic situation and restrictive factors of international and domestic food security from the global perspective, draws lessons from the experience of other countries, according to the actual situation of our country, puts forward the relevant countermeasures and measures to ensure the food security of our country. So as to ensure the food security of our country. This paper is divided into five parts, the first part is an introduction. The research background, purpose, significance, method and content of the thesis are expounded. The second part is a summary of the research on food security. This part mainly uses the literature analysis method to define the definition of grain and food security, expounds the related theories of this paper, and combs the latest trends and viewpoints of domestic and foreign scholars on food security. The third part mainly analyzes the current situation of global food security. Based on the collected data, the current situation of food security in international market and domestic market is described by using Excel tools to draw broken line diagram and bar chart, and the problems restricting world food security are analyzed briefly. The fourth part analyzes the main factors that affect China's food security. From the natural factors, political factors, economic factors, science and technology factors, energy factors, international factors, through a large number of data and charts, using comparative analysis to explain the constraints of food security in China. The fifth part puts forward the strategic choice of China's grain security. By comparing some policies of the United States, Japan and India, and aiming at the factors affecting China's food security and combining the present situation of our country, some practical suggestions and measures are put forward to ensure the food security of our country.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.11

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