精准扶贫理念下推进地方政府脱贫攻坚工作的研究

发布时间：2018-11-10 19:48

【摘要】：目前我国社会的贫困问题仍然是制约全面建成小康社会的最突出短板,精准扶贫是新时代背景下反贫困的重要战略思想,精准扶贫各项政策的制定和项目措施的深入开展,充分体现了我党的执政理念和执政宗旨,是全面建成小康社会的现实要求和“十三五”规划期间的重大部署,更是实现全面发展的关键和惠民利民的重大举措。因此,在当前精准扶贫成效增速放缓的背景下,为适应社会和经济发展,需要切实打赢打好脱贫攻坚战,通过探索精准扶贫理念下地方政府脱贫攻坚工作的实施情况和效果,以精准识别、联动帮扶、动态管理和精准考核这四个方面为切入点进行具体研究,对完善符合当代社会经济发展的脱贫攻坚工作起到至关重要的作用。因此,我们应该从落实扶贫领导责任出发,提升干部能力,规范扶贫的项目和资金,以提升贫困对象发展能力为基础,充分发挥政府主体作用,整合民间中介组织、NGO等社会主体参与到精准扶贫工作,将传统“输血”式扶贫转为“造血”式扶贫。本文从现阶段精准扶贫理念下地方政府脱贫攻坚的实际情况出发,以湖南省实施精准扶贫过程中产生的各种问题为主要研究对象,旨在通过对现有精准扶贫现状和存在的问题进行原因分析,结合国外农村扶贫经验探索出完善精准扶贫理念下推动地方政府脱贫攻坚工作的路径选择。本文主要内容共分为五个部分:第一章为绪论,主要介绍了关于本文的研究背景、意义、方法和内容,以及国内外的研究综述;第二章主要是对精准扶贫工作中“扶贫”、“精准扶贫”、“脱贫攻坚”相关概念的界定,并总结分析推进脱贫攻坚的理论基础和时代价值;第三章是以湖南省为例,具体介绍了湖南省实施精准扶贫以来在贫困人口的减少、人均收入的提高和贫困地区基础设施改善的扶贫成效,同时指出政府干部素质不高、扶贫工作趋于表面化、扶贫项目和资金指向不准、扶贫参与效率不高和贫困对象脱贫意识不强等脱贫攻坚的现实难题并进行具体分析;第四章是通过对美国、日本、印度这三个国家的扶贫经验分别进行系统的研究分析,在学习经验与吸取教训的同时,得出了推进我国地方政府脱贫攻坚的相关启示;第五章是针对前文提及地方政府实施精准扶贫以来的现实问题并结合国外扶贫经验的启示,提出了需要在领导主体责任的强化、贫困对象发展能力的提升、扶贫项目资金的管理以及社会参与的全面整合四个方面上进行完善我国地方政府精准扶贫理念下的脱贫攻坚工作。
[Abstract]:At present, the problem of poverty in our society is still the most prominent short board that restricts the building of a well-off society in an all-round way. Precision poverty alleviation is an important strategic thought of anti-poverty in the new era, and the formulation of various policies and the in-depth development of project measures for precision poverty alleviation. It fully embodies our party's ruling concept and ruling aim, which is the realistic requirement of building a well-off society in an all-round way and the important arrangement during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. It is also the key to realize the overall development and the great measure to benefit the people and the people. Therefore, in the context of the current slowdown in the growth rate of the effectiveness of precision poverty alleviation, in order to adapt to social and economic development, it is necessary to effectively win and fight well the battle against poverty, and by exploring the implementation and effect of local governments' efforts to overcome poverty under the concept of precision poverty alleviation, Taking the four aspects of precision identification, linkage support, dynamic management and precision assessment as the starting point, it plays a vital role in improving the work of overcoming poverty and tackling the key problems in line with the development of contemporary society and economy. Therefore, we should, starting from the implementation of the leadership responsibility for poverty alleviation, enhance the ability of cadres, standardize projects and funds for poverty alleviation, give full play to the role of the government as the main body and integrate non-governmental intermediary organizations, on the basis of enhancing the development capacity of the poor target. NGO and other social subjects participate in the work of precision poverty alleviation, the traditional "blood transfusion" type of poverty alleviation into "hematopoietic" type poverty alleviation. Starting from the actual situation of local governments overcoming poverty under the concept of precision poverty alleviation at the present stage, this paper takes various problems arising from the implementation of precision poverty alleviation in Hunan Province as the main research object. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current situation and existing problems of precision poverty alleviation and to explore the way to improve the concept of precision poverty alleviation under the guidance of foreign rural poverty alleviation experience. The main content of this paper is divided into five parts: the first chapter is the introduction, mainly introduces the research background, significance, method and content of this paper, as well as the domestic and foreign research overview; The second chapter is the definition of the concepts of "poverty alleviation", "precision poverty alleviation" and "breaking away from poverty" in the work of precision poverty alleviation, and summarizes and analyzes the theoretical basis and the value of the times; The third chapter takes Hunan Province as an example, introduces the poverty reduction in Hunan Province since the implementation of precision poverty alleviation, the increase of per capita income and the improvement of infrastructure in poor areas. At the same time, it points out that the quality of government cadres is not high. The poverty alleviation work tends to be superficial, the poverty alleviation project and the fund direction are not correct, the poverty alleviation participation efficiency is not high and the poor object is not strong in the sense of getting rid of poverty and so on, and carries on the concrete analysis; The fourth chapter is to carry on the systematic research and analysis to the poverty alleviation experience of the United States, Japan and India respectively, while learning experience and learning lessons, it draws the relevant enlightenment of pushing our local government out of poverty; The fifth chapter is aimed at the practical problems since the local government implemented the precision poverty alleviation mentioned above, and combined with the enlightenment of the foreign poverty alleviation experience, it puts forward the need to strengthen the responsibility of the leading body and enhance the ability of the poor object to develop. The management of poverty alleviation project funds and the overall integration of social participation in four aspects of improving the local government under the concept of precision poverty alleviation work.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.8

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