我国农机互助保险发展研究

发布时间：2018-11-11 16:59

【摘要】：现代农业生产中,农业机械的广泛使用使得农机事故损失不断增加,农机风险管理迫在眉睫。农机保险是目前农机风险管理中最经济、最有效的一种管理方式,纵观各国农机保险业务的发展,农机互助保险对于农机保险发展初期的市场而言是一种较优选择。农机互助保险是一项创新,也响应了当今“大众创业、万众创新”的发展理念。2009年以来,为解决农机保险投保难、发生农机事故造成农机户返贫、损失纠纷难以处理、农民出事不报案、安全监理事故统计困难等问题,开展了农机安全互助保险试点。试点运行的过程中,农机互助保险成为了农机部门联系群众的桥梁,成了转变政府管理服务方式方法的重要推手,也是广大农机户不可或缺的保障手段,因此,农机互助保险在我国的全面发展是一种必然趋势与选择。本文分析了我国农机互助保险这一新生事物的开展情况,意在向全国范围内推行农机互助保险事业提供值得参考的理论基础和现实依据。通过介绍国内外关于互助保险、农业保险等内容为参照,明确阐述了农机互助保险的相关概念及其理论依据。在此理论基础之上,研究分析了以下几方面内容:(1)归纳出我国农机保险的发展历程,在此基础上引出农机互助保险的发展,以农机互助保险在我国的发展规模、互助范围、保险费用厘定与农机事故发生情况等发展现状为出发点,介绍农机互助保险的发展现状,进一步剖析了我国农机互助保险全面发展过程中的阻碍,包括体系不健全,互助组织服务能力有限以及缺乏有效的政策引导于宣传,农户参保意识不强等问题,严重制约了农机互助保险的改革与深化。(2)分析了农机互助保险在我国全面开展施行的必要性和可行性。分别以抵御农机风险的客观需要、弥补传统商业保险的不足、农机互助保险在提供保障方面的先天优势、以及实现农业供给侧结构性改革的需要,落实国家精准扶贫和精神脱贫的四个方面分析其必要性。以政府政策的大力扶持、现阶段我国农机互助保险试点地区的效果显著、国外的先进经验与事例的借鉴为可行性主要加以分析。(3)在分析农机互助保险发展情况与其全面发展的必要性和可行性的基础上,本文利用合作博弈模型分析农机互助保险各个参与主体之间的可能收益,运用夏普里值分析法,探求我国农机互助保险可行的发展路径。(4)为落实好贯彻好农机互助保险的全面推广,本文尝试总结了农机互助保险的开展原则,主要包括:可持续发展原则,民主管理原则,自愿与强制相结合原则,政府组织推动、保险机构经办、农民互助共济的合作原则,低保费、保生产、广覆盖原则。并从组织体系、经营主题选择以及财政扶持力度、政策引导与宣传四个方面提出切实可行的全面发展农机互助保险的对策建议。
[Abstract]:In modern agricultural production, the widespread use of agricultural machinery makes the loss of agricultural machinery accidents increasing, and the risk management of agricultural machinery is imminent. Agricultural machinery insurance is the most economical and effective management method in agricultural machinery risk management at present. Looking at the development of agricultural machinery insurance business in various countries, the mutual aid insurance of agricultural machinery is a better choice for the market in the early stage of the development of agricultural machinery insurance. Mutual insurance for agricultural machinery is an innovation, and it also responds to the development concept of "mass entrepreneurship, mass innovation". Since 2009, in order to solve the problem of insurance for agricultural machinery, the accidents of agricultural machinery have caused farmers to return to poverty, and the loss disputes have been difficult to deal with. Problems such as failure to report accidents to farmers and difficulties in statistics of accidents in safety supervision have been carried out in a pilot project of mutual insurance for agricultural machinery safety. In the course of the pilot operation, mutual assistance insurance of agricultural machinery has become a bridge for agricultural machinery departments to connect with the masses, has become an important driving force in transforming government management and service methods, and is also an indispensable safeguard means for the vast number of farm machinery households. The comprehensive development of mutual insurance of agricultural machinery in China is an inevitable trend and choice. This paper analyzes the development of mutual aid insurance of agricultural machinery in China, which is intended to provide a theoretical basis and practical basis for reference in carrying out mutual aid insurance of agricultural machinery in the whole country. By introducing the contents of mutual aid insurance and agricultural insurance at home and abroad, the related concepts and theoretical basis of mutual aid insurance for agricultural machinery are expounded. On the basis of this theory, the following aspects are studied and analyzed: (1) the development course of agricultural machinery insurance in China is summarized, and then the development of mutual aid insurance of agricultural machinery is introduced, and the development scale of mutual aid insurance of agricultural machinery in our country is given. The scope of mutual aid, the determination of insurance costs and the situation of agricultural machinery accidents are introduced as the starting point. The development status of mutual aid insurance of agricultural machinery is introduced, and the obstacles in the overall development of mutual insurance of agricultural machinery in China are further analyzed, including the imperfect system. Such problems as limited service capacity of mutual aid organizations, lack of effective policy guidance in propaganda, lack of awareness of farmers' participation in insurance, etc. It seriously restricts the reform and deepening of mutual insurance of agricultural machinery. (2) the necessity and feasibility of carrying out mutual insurance of agricultural machinery in China is analyzed. In order to resist the risk of agricultural machinery, to make up for the shortage of traditional commercial insurance, the inherent advantage of mutual insurance in providing security, and the need to realize the structural reform on the supply side of agriculture, The necessity of implementing the four aspects of national precision poverty alleviation and mental poverty relief is analyzed. With the strong support of government policies, the effect of the pilot area of mutual insurance for agricultural machinery in China at this stage is remarkable. Based on the analysis of the development of agricultural machinery mutual aid insurance and the necessity and feasibility of its comprehensive development, the paper mainly analyzes the feasibility of the advanced experience and examples abroad. (3) on the basis of analyzing the development situation of agricultural machinery mutual assistance insurance and the necessity and feasibility of its overall development, In this paper, the cooperative game model is used to analyze the possible income among the participants of agricultural machinery mutual insurance, and the Sharpley value analysis method is used. In order to carry out the comprehensive popularization of agricultural machinery mutual aid insurance, this paper tries to summarize the principles of agricultural machinery mutual aid insurance, including: the principle of sustainable development. The principle of democratic management, the principle of combining voluntary and compulsory, the government organization promotion, the insurance organization management, the farmer mutual aid cooperation principle, the low guarantee fee, the guarantee production principle, the widespread coverage principle. And from the organization system, the management theme choice and the financial support dynamics, the policy guidance and the propaganda four aspects proposed the feasible comprehensive development agricultural machinery mutual aid insurance countermeasure suggestion.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F842.6;F323.3

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