福建省低碳农业发展实证研究

发布时间：2019-02-15 11:06

【摘要】：大气温室气体浓度的升高已成为引发全球气候变化的重要原因,而农业是全国重要温室气体的排放来源之一。农业用地释放出大量的温室气体,土地利用变化是目前大气中温室气体含量增加的一大重要来源。但另一方面,农业其实又是一个巨大的碳汇系统,良好的农业生态环境系统可以抵消掉一部分因农业导致的全球温室气体排放量,农业光合作用能固定大量的二氧化碳：而耕地在一定程度上算是一个巨大的碳库,可储存大量有机碳,并具有从大气中吸收并储存二氧化碳的天然固碳功能。农业的生产过程会影响生态环境的改善,如净化空气,净化水质等方面。因此,发展低碳经济方面,农业领域潜力巨大,要充分鼓励发挥农业碳汇功能。发展低碳农业也是当前建设生态文明的应有之义。低碳农业的发展研究是多方面的,具体有全国低碳农业模式、基础理论、概念、政策建议及具体模式等,或者是针对某一区域的研究。本文的研究对象是福建省低碳农业发展,文章在论述了福建省低碳农业发展所面临的优势、制约因素及所取得的成绩的基础上,重点考察了当前低碳农业发展问题的具体体现及对农业生产过程中碳排放进行测算,并用实证方法分析了低碳农业发展的影响因素,主要有人口、富裕程度、能源强度、农业碳排放强度、技术水平、城镇化发展水平等。然后再用实证方法对低碳农业发展效率进行了分析,得出福建省低碳农业发展综合效率、技术效率及规模效率比较好,但是化肥、农用塑料薄膜、农药等投入要素过多,在满足当前产出的情况下,应当减少这些要素投入量。最后提出通过技术水平的提高、政府资金的投入、低碳农业生态补偿机制的完善及实行碳排放交易权等措施治理低碳农业发展问题。
[Abstract]:The increase of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentration has become an important cause of global climate change, and agriculture is one of the most important sources of greenhouse gas emissions in China. Agricultural land releases a large amount of greenhouse gases, and land use change is an important source of increasing greenhouse gas content in the atmosphere. But on the other hand, agriculture is actually a huge carbon sink system, and a good agro-ecological system can offset some of the global greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture. Agriculture photosynthesis can fix a large amount of carbon dioxide: to some extent, cultivated land is a huge carbon pool, can store a large amount of organic carbon, and has the natural carbon sequestration function of absorbing and storing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The production process of agriculture will affect the improvement of ecological environment, such as purifying air and purifying water quality. Therefore, the development of low-carbon economy, agriculture has great potential, to fully encourage the agricultural carbon sink function. The development of low-carbon agriculture is also the current construction of ecological civilization should be meaning. There are many aspects in the development of low-carbon agriculture, such as the national low-carbon agriculture model, basic theory, concepts, policy suggestions and specific models, or the research aimed at a certain region. The research object of this paper is the development of low-carbon agriculture in Fujian Province. This paper discusses the advantages, constraints and achievements of the development of low-carbon agriculture in Fujian Province. This paper focuses on the concrete embodiment of the development of low-carbon agriculture and the measurement of carbon emissions in the course of agricultural production, and analyzes the influencing factors of the development of low-carbon agriculture by empirical method, including population, degree of affluence, energy intensity, etc. Agricultural carbon emission intensity, technical level, urbanization level and so on. Then the paper analyzes the development efficiency of low-carbon agriculture by empirical method, and draws the conclusion that the comprehensive efficiency, technical efficiency and scale efficiency of low-carbon agriculture development in Fujian Province are good, but the input factors such as chemical fertilizer, agricultural plastic film, pesticide and so on are too many. These inputs should be reduced when current output is met. Finally, the paper puts forward some measures to deal with the development of low-carbon agriculture, such as the improvement of technical level, the investment of government funds, the improvement of ecological compensation mechanism of low-carbon agriculture and the implementation of carbon emission trading right.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.22

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