我国六大林业工程建设地理地带适宜性评估

发布时间：2019-06-20 07:14

【摘要】：全球气候变化带来了包括自然灾害多发、生态环境恶化等一系列影响,且严重影响了森林生态系统的结构、分布及组成。合理的优化森林生态系统结构,对有效发挥森林生态系统服务功能起到至关重要的作用,基于此我国开展了天然林资源保护工程、退耕还林工程、三北及长江流域防护林体系建设工程、京津风沙源治理工程、野生动植物保护区建设工程、重点地区速生丰产用材林基地建设工程六大林业重点工程。本次研究在分析我国六大林业工程生态成效的基础上,科学认知林业工程建设与植被地理地带性规律之间的关系,作为国家开展生态建设的科学理论基础。针对现阶段林业工程实施过程中存在的一些不合理规划,基于中国生态地理区域系统对不同地区林业工程进行地理地带适宜性评估,通过对目前林业生态建设的分析与研究,提出合理的对策与建议,进而提高林业工程的生态效益,促进我国生态建设的可持续发展。本文的主要研究工作包括以下几个方面内容:1.简要总结了我国六大林业重点工程的基本情况,综合分析了工程开展以来所取得的成效,并提出目前所面临的挑战与问题。2.从国家气象局下载得到1981-2010年全国719个观测站的气象数据,运用修改后的彭曼模型来计算潜在蒸散量,根据韦斯特斯凯模型计算得到干燥指数,并对降雨量、"g10℃积温、年平均温度、最冷月气温和最暖月气温等气象数据进行处理。3.将我国生态地理区域系统划分作为理论依据,以各个林业工程区的干燥度作为主要评价指标,且以降雨量、"g10℃积温、年平均温度、最冷月气温和最暖月气温5个因子为辅助评价指标,建立适用于大区域的适宜性评价定量化指标体系,将我国林业工程区划分为适宜、较适宜、不适宜三个等级,干燥度在0-1.50范围内为适宜,1.50-4.00为较适宜,4.00为不适宜。4.根据我国林业工程适宜性评价结果,提出相关对策以调整不同地区生态建设方向。结合其他辅助气象指标数据处理结果,从地理地带性规律角度出发,分析不同地区适宜生长发育的地带性植被,从而提出工程开展过程中有关树种选择方面的建议。
[Abstract]:Global climate change has brought about a series of effects, including frequent natural disasters, deterioration of ecological environment and so on, and has seriously affected the structure, distribution and composition of forest ecosystems. Reasonable optimization of forest ecosystem structure plays an important role in giving full play to the service function of forest ecosystem. Based on this, six key forestry projects have been carried out in China, such as natural forest resources protection project, conversion of cropland to forest project, protection forest system construction project in Sanbei and Yangtze River basin, control project in Beijing-Tianjin wind and sand source, construction project in wildlife reserve, and construction project of fast-growing and high-yield timber forest base in key areas. Based on the analysis of the ecological effects of six forestry projects in China, this study scientifically understands the relationship between forestry engineering construction and vegetation geographical zonality, which is the scientific theoretical basis for the development of ecological construction in China. In view of some unreasonable planning existing in the implementation of forestry engineering at present, based on the evaluation of the suitability of forestry projects in different areas based on the ecological geographical region system of China, through the analysis and research on the current forestry ecological construction, this paper puts forward some reasonable countermeasures and suggestions, so as to improve the ecological benefit of forestry projects and promote the sustainable development of ecological construction in China. The main research work of this paper includes the following aspects: 1. This paper briefly summarizes the basic situation of the six key forestry projects in China, comprehensively analyzes the achievements made since the development of the project, and puts forward the challenges and problems faced at present. The meteorological data of 719 stations in China from 1981 to 2010 were downloaded from the National Meteorological Administration. The potential evaporation was calculated by using the modified Penman model, and the drying index was calculated according to Westerskay model, and the meteorological data such as rainfall, "accumulated temperature at g10 鈩，

本文编号：2503034