陕西省城乡建设用地集约利用评价研究

发布时间：2019-06-20 17:47

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国进入城镇化快速发展时期,城镇规模迅速扩张,城镇建设用地大量闲置与粗放利用现象严重,同时随着农村人口大量涌入城镇,但农村居民点用地却没有相应调整,从而导致城乡建设用地结构失调。研究城乡建设用地的集约利用问题,是解决地区发展中土地利用问题的根本。本文以陕西省11个市(区),共107个县(市、区)的城乡建设用地为研究对象,用2009～2014年的土地数据和社会经济数据,分别对陕西省城乡建设用地集约利用的现状水平和动态变化的时空分布特征进行分析研究。在此基础上运用逐步回归方法对两者的影响因素进行实证分析。得出以下结论:(1)陕西省城乡建设用地集约利用总体水平较高地区主要分布于各市经济发展较好的县(市、区)。从集约利用水平的各分指标看,西安市和陕北西部和北部地区土地投入产出水平均较高;关中其他地区投入水平高,但二三产值和财政收入的产出水平较低;陕南地区虽有一定的投入,但产出水平较低。(2)2009～2014陕西省各地区的城乡建设用地集约利用水平均有所提高。其中,提高程度较大的地区为关中和陕北地区,尤其是西安市、宝鸡市以及陕北的西部和北部地区,其次陕南的北部地区提高程度也较大。(3)通过对城乡建设用地集约利用水平与集约利用水平变化的影响因素进行回归分析,发现两者的影响因素存在差异,尤其是工业化水平对两者的影响效果相反,说明在陕西省在近几年的工业化发展中存在用地粗放现象。(4)基于总人口的城乡建设用地总体呈粗放趋势。但城镇工矿用地比农村居民点用地更趋向集约利用,且两者在地域上的分布存在差异,大体呈现出陕西关中地区的城镇工矿用地多集约趋势,陕北地区的农村居民点多集约趋势。说明陕西省普遍存在城乡发展不协调现象。(5)基于二三产值的城乡建设用地多呈集约趋势,但从地级市一级看,西安、杨凌等地区EEI值最低,说明这些地区用地趋势整体较粗放。(6)陕西省各县(市、区)的用地趋势类型分布与集约利用水平分布存在较大差异。表现为,许多集约利用水平等级较高的地区其用地趋势为粗放型,而很多用地趋势为集约型的地区其集约利用水平却最低。由此可以看出土地集约利用水平和土地发展趋势的内涵和变化特点存在差异。为促进陕西省城乡建设用地的集约利用,应根据各地区的特点和存在的问题因地制宜的管理城乡建设用地,并制定有针对性的产业发展和优惠政策,同时制定合理的土地利用规划和城市规划,最后将建设用地的集约利用纳入政府考核。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China has entered a period of rapid development of urbanization, the scale of cities and towns has expanded rapidly, and a large number of idle and extensive use of urban construction land has become serious. At the same time, with the influx of rural population into cities and towns, rural residential land has not been adjusted accordingly, which leads to the imbalance of urban and rural construction land structure. The study of intensive use of urban and rural construction land is the foundation of solving the problem of land use in regional development. In this paper, 11 cities (districts) in Shaanxi Province, 107 counties (cities, districts) of urban and rural construction land as the research object, using 2009 / 2014 land data and social and economic data, the status quo of intensive use of urban and rural construction land in Shaanxi Province and the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of dynamic changes were analyzed and studied. On this basis, stepwise regression method is used to analyze the influencing factors of the two. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the areas with high level of intensive utilization of urban and rural construction land in Shaanxi Province are mainly distributed in counties (cities and districts) with good economic development. According to the sub-indexes of intensive utilization level, the input-output level of land in Xi'an and western and northern Shaanxi is higher; the input level in other areas of Guanzhong is high, but the output level of secondary and third output value and fiscal income is low; although there is a certain input in southern Shaanxi, the output level is low. (2) the intensive utilization level of urban and rural construction land in each region of Shaanxi Province in 2009 / 2014 has been improved. Among them, the areas with great improvement are Guanzhong and northern Shaanxi, especially Xi'an, Baoji City and the western and northern regions of northern Shaanxi, followed by the northern part of southern Shaanxi. (3) through regression analysis of the influencing factors of intensive utilization level and intensive utilization level of urban and rural construction land, it is found that there are differences between the two influencing factors. Especially, the effect of industrialization level on the two is opposite, which indicates that there is a extensive phenomenon of extensive land use in the industrialization development of Shaanxi Province in recent years. (4) the urban and rural construction land based on the total population is generally extensive. However, the urban industrial and mining land tends to be more intensive use than the rural residential land, and the regional distribution of the two is different, which shows the trend of multi-intensive urban industrial and mining land in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province and the multi-intensive trend of rural residential land in northern Shaanxi. It shows that there is a general phenomenon of disharmony between urban and rural development in Shaanxi Province. (5) most of the urban and rural construction land based on the second and third output value shows an intensive trend, but from the prefecture level, Xi'an, Yangling and other areas have the lowest EEI value, indicating that the overall land use trend in these areas is extensive. (6) there are great differences between the distribution of land use trend types and the level distribution of intensive use in various counties (cities and districts) of Shaanxi Province. The results show that in many areas with high level of intensive utilization, the trend of land use is extensive, while in many areas where the trend of intensive use is intensive, the level of intensive utilization is the lowest. It can be seen that there are differences in the connotation and change characteristics of intensive land use level and land development trend. In order to promote the intensive utilization of urban and rural construction land in Shaanxi Province, urban and rural construction land should be managed according to the characteristics and existing problems of each region, and targeted industrial development and preferential policies should be formulated. At the same time, reasonable land use planning and urban planning should be formulated. Finally, the intensive use of construction land should be included in the government assessment.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F301.2

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