山东省农业资源利用效益评价

发布时间：2017-12-31 00:52

本文关键词：山东省农业资源利用效益评价　出处：《东北农业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：农业是我国国民经济的基础,资源是人类赖以生存和发展的必要条件,合理开发和利用农业资源是经济持续发展的前提条件。持续增长的人口数量和不断加快的工业化、城镇化进程给农业发展带来了压力。山东是我国的农业大省,近年来生态基础脆弱,环境质量下降,如何在生态承载力的范围内充分利发掘资源利用潜力,提高农业资源利用效率,成为人们广泛关注并亟待解决的实际问题。本文以山东省17地市为论文的研究单元,依据农业资源可持续发展理论、农业区划理论、农业生态—经济耦合系统理论,构建农业资源利用评价指标体系,运用综合指数模型计算农业资源利用水平,对比2008年～2012年农业资源利用的变化情况,分析17地市农业资源利用状况,找出影响农业资源利用水平的制约因素,提出相应的发展对策。研究的主要内容和成果如下： (1)山东省农业资源利用评价指标体系的构建以基础理论为指导,结合山东省农业资源特点,构建了农业资源利用评价指标体系。采用因子分析法计算指标权重,运用综合指数模型计算农业资源利用综合值,并分析社会要素、经济要素和生态要素对山东省农业资源利用测度的影响。 (2)山东省农业资源利用水平及差异分析评价结果表明,2008年～2012年山东省农业资源利用水平在时间尺度上差异不大,在空间尺度上差异显著。全省17地市农业资源分为三个等级：高效利用区、中等利用区和低效利用区。山东省总体处于中等利用水平,烟台市、潍坊市、济宁市、临沂市、德州市、聊城市、菏泽市属于高效利用区；济南市、青岛市、泰安市、威海市、滨州市属于中等利用区；淄博市、枣庄市、东营市、日照市、莱芜市属于低效利用区。农业资源利用效率的影响因素分析表明：农用地面积、农业机械总动力、农作物播种面积、有效灌溉面积、农用化肥施用量是影响因素。 (3)山东省农业资源可持续利用对策与措施农业资源高效利用区应加强耕地资源保护、科学调整农业生产结构,保证农业高效生产,资源高效利用；农业资源中等利用区应完善农业水利基础设施建设、重视生态环境保护,为农业资源可持续利用提供良好的补给条件；农业资源中等利用区应做到农业资源在保护中开发、大力培养新型农民。此外各地市政府应加大农业财政投入等。山东省农业资源利用水平总体处于中等利用水平,但地区间差异巨大。研究成果对进一步提高各地市农业资源利用水平、促进区域经济社会可持续发展具有一定的现实指导意义。
[Abstract]:Agriculture is the foundation of our national economy, and resources are the necessary conditions for human survival and development. The rational development and utilization of agricultural resources is the prerequisite for sustained economic development. The continuous growth of the population and accelerating industrialization, urbanization has brought pressure to agricultural development. Shandong is a big agricultural province in China. In recent years, the ecological foundation is fragile and the environmental quality is declining. How to fully exploit the potential of resource utilization and improve the efficiency of agricultural resources utilization within the range of ecological carrying capacity. It has become a practical problem that people pay more attention to and need to be solved urgently. Based on the theory of sustainable development of agricultural resources, the theory of agricultural regionalization and the theory of coupling system of agricultural ecology and economy, this paper takes 17 cities of Shandong Province as the research unit to construct the evaluation index system of agricultural resources utilization. The comprehensive index model was used to calculate the utilization level of agricultural resources. The changes of agricultural resource utilization from 2008 to 2012 were compared and the utilization status of agricultural resources in 17 cities was analyzed. The main contents and results of the research are as follows: (1) to find out the restrictive factors affecting the utilization level of agricultural resources, and to put forward the corresponding development countermeasures. Construction of Evaluation Index system of Agricultural Resources Utilization in Shandong Province Under the guidance of basic theory and combining with the characteristics of agricultural resources in Shandong Province, the evaluation index system of agricultural resources utilization was constructed, and the index weight was calculated by factor analysis method. Comprehensive index model is used to calculate the comprehensive value of agricultural resources utilization, and the influence of social, economic and ecological factors on the measurement of agricultural resources utilization in Shandong Province is analyzed. Analysis on the Utilization level and difference of Agricultural Resources in Shandong Province The results showed that the utilization level of agricultural resources in Shandong Province had little difference in time scale from 2008 to 2012. There are significant differences in spatial scale. The agricultural resources of 17 cities in the province can be divided into three levels: efficient utilization area, middle utilization area and low efficiency utilization area. Shandong Province is in the middle utilization level, Yantai city, Weifang city as a whole. Jining City, Linyi City, Dezhou City, Liaocheng City, Heze City belong to the efficient use area; Jinan City, Qingdao City, Tai'an City, Weihai City, Binzhou City belong to the medium utilization area; Zibo City, Zaozhuang City, Dongying City, Rizhao City, Laiwu City belong to the inefficient utilization area. The analysis of the factors influencing the utilization efficiency of agricultural resources shows that: agricultural land area, total power of agricultural machinery, planting area of crops. The effective irrigation area and the amount of agricultural fertilizer are the influencing factors. Countermeasures and measures for sustainable utilization of agricultural resources in Shandong Province The area of efficient utilization of agricultural resources should strengthen the protection of cultivated land resources, scientifically adjust the structure of agricultural production, ensure the efficient production of agriculture and the efficient utilization of resources; The middle utilization area of agricultural resources should perfect the construction of agricultural water conservancy infrastructure, attach importance to the protection of ecological environment, and provide good supply conditions for the sustainable utilization of agricultural resources. In the middle utilization area of agricultural resources, the agricultural resources should be exploited in the course of protection, and the new-type farmers should be cultivated vigorously. In addition, the local government should increase the agricultural financial input and so on. The utilization level of agricultural resources in Shandong Province is on the whole in the medium level, but there are great differences between regions. The results of the research further improve the utilization level of agricultural resources in various cities and cities. Promoting the sustainable development of regional economy and society has certain realistic guiding significance.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F323.2

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