新疆外贸结构专型升级路径研究

发布时间：2018-04-08 16:36

本文选题：外贸结构　切入点：转型升级　出处：《石河子大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着改革开放的不断深入,中国的开放格局开始由沿海地区为主转向沿海与内陆并重,陆陆贸易尤其是边境贸易取得了长足发展。其中地处中国西北边陲的新疆维吾尔自治区(以下简称新疆)因其特殊的地理区位,成为中国向西开放的桥头堡。近年来,新疆依托其丰富的自然资源和劳动力资源大力发展对外贸易,外贸总量不断增长,但与此同时,其外贸结构不合理的问题也日渐突出,制约了新疆外贸的可持续发展。鉴于此,本文在重新审视新疆外贸结构的基础上,分析新疆外贸结构发展现状,将产业因素内嵌于外贸结构转型升级的影响因素中,采用模糊综合评价法对新疆外贸结构转型升级程度进行测评,并借鉴国内外外贸结构转型升级路径的成功经验,设计新疆外贸结构转型升级路径,最终提出新疆外贸结构转型升级的对策及其路径实施的保障措施,以期为实现新疆外贸结构转型升级提供决策参考。主要得出以下结论:第一,运用TC指数、RCA指数分析新疆外贸商品结构,结果表明新疆出口商品中初级产品和工业制成品的出口比重得到明显改善;新疆外贸方式结构以边境贸易为主,一般贸易、加工贸易为辅;新疆外贸出口地理方向从早期的亚洲市场发展到亚洲、欧洲、拉丁美洲、大洋洲等地区,出口市场逐步实现多元化发展。新疆外贸市场结构日趋合理,其贸易合作伙伴不断增多,外贸地理方向也不断增加;新疆外贸模式结构以产业间贸易为主,产业内贸易指数不断增加。第二,选取工业制成品出口比重、高新技术产品出口比重、服务贸易出口比重、边境贸易出口比重、出口市场集中度、产业内贸易比重、价格贸易条件、出口增长率等23个指标构建外贸结构转型升级评价指标体系,运用模糊综合评价法评价新疆1998-2013年外贸结构转型升级情况。结果表明:1998-2008年新疆外贸结构转型升级处在准备转型升级与初步转型升级徘徊阶段,2009-2013年新疆外贸结构转型升级处在初步转型升级阶段。究其原因,在于新疆外商投资企业规模小,投资领域有限,企业技术创新动力不足,产业结构基础落后,出口商品层次落后错位与支柱产业层次,市场运行机制不完善等。第三,借鉴美国、日本、韩国等发达国家,浙江省、吉林省、黑龙江省等发达地区的外贸结构转型升级经验,得出外贸结构的转型升级均依赖于外商投资、技术创新、调整产业结构、外贸体制等。在此基础上,结合新疆状况,设计新疆外贸结构转型升级路径,即以企业技术创新为主体、以调整产业结构为基础、以政府制度创新为导向、以参与区域经济一体化为主导的外贸结构转型升级路径。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of reform and opening up, China's opening pattern began to shift from coastal areas to coastal and inland areas. Land and land trade, especially border trade, has made great progress.The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region (Xinjiang), located in the northwest border of China, has become a bridgehead for its special geographical location.In recent years, Xinjiang, relying on its abundant natural resources and labor resources, has vigorously developed its foreign trade, and the total amount of foreign trade has been increasing, but at the same time, the unreasonable structure of its foreign trade has become increasingly prominent, which has restricted the sustainable development of Xinjiang's foreign trade.In view of this, on the basis of re-examining Xinjiang's foreign trade structure, this paper analyzes the present situation of Xinjiang's foreign trade structure development, and embedded the industrial factors in the influencing factors of the transformation and upgrading of foreign trade structure.This paper uses fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate the degree of foreign trade structure transformation and upgrading in Xinjiang, and draws lessons from the successful experience of foreign trade structure transformation and upgrading path at home and abroad to design the foreign trade structure transformation and upgrading path of Xinjiang.Finally, this paper puts forward the countermeasures of the transformation and upgrading of Xinjiang's foreign trade structure and the safeguard measures of its path implementation, in order to provide a decision reference for realizing the transformation and upgrading of Xinjiang's foreign trade structure.The main conclusions are as follows: first, using TC index and RCA index to analyze the commodity structure of Xinjiang's foreign trade, the results show that the export proportion of primary products and manufactured products in Xinjiang's export commodities has been improved obviously;The structure of Xinjiang's foreign trade is dominated by border trade, supplemented by general trade and processing trade. The geographical direction of Xinjiang's foreign trade export has developed from the early Asian market to Asia, Europe, Latin America, Oceania and other regions.The export market has gradually achieved diversified development.The structure of Xinjiang's foreign trade market is becoming more and more reasonable, its trading partners are increasing, and the geographical direction of foreign trade is also increasing, and the structure of Xinjiang's foreign trade model is dominated by inter-industry trade, and the intra-industry trade index is constantly increasing.Second, select the export proportion of manufactured products, high-tech products, service trade, border trade, export market concentration, intra-industry trade, price terms of trade.The evaluation index system of foreign trade structure transformation and upgrading was constructed by 23 indexes such as export growth rate, and the situation of foreign trade structure transformation and upgrading in Xinjiang from 1998 to 2013 was evaluated by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.The results show that the transformation and upgrading of Xinjiang's foreign trade structure from 1998 to 2008 is in the initial stage of transformation and upgrading, and the transformation and upgrading of Xinjiang's foreign trade structure from 2009 to 2013 is in the initial stage of transformation and upgrading.The reason lies in the small scale of foreign-invested enterprises in Xinjiang, the limited investment field, the insufficient motivation of technological innovation of enterprises, the backward industrial structure, the dislocation of export commodity levels and pillar industry levels, the imperfect market operation mechanism and so on.Third, drawing lessons from the experience of foreign trade structure transformation and upgrading in developed countries such as the United States, Japan, South Korea, Zhejiang Province, Jilin Province, Heilongjiang Province and other developed regions, it is concluded that the transformation and upgrading of foreign trade structure all depend on foreign investment and technological innovation.Adjust industrial structure, foreign trade system, etc.On this basis, combined with the situation of Xinjiang, the paper designs the route of transformation and upgrading of Xinjiang's foreign trade structure, that is, taking the technological innovation of enterprises as the main body, adjusting the industrial structure as the foundation, and taking the government system innovation as the direction.To participate in regional economic integration as the leading foreign trade structure transformation and upgrading path.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F752.8

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