自主研发、技术引进对我国经济增长影响的实证研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 06:27

本文选题：自主研发 + 技术引进　；参考：《重庆大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着科技经济时代的到来，国际竞争的加剧，世界各国逐步认识到科学技术对经济增长的重要作用。自主研发(RD)和技术引进作为技术进步的两种主要途径，正在成为全球经济增长的引擎。改革开放初期，我国科技基础薄弱，科学技术的进步主要依靠引进国外的先进技术。在经过30余年的经济高速增长后，我国加大了科研投入的力度，自主研发也逐渐成为我国科技进步的重要推力。因此，有必要对我国各地区自主研发、技术引进的现状进行全面的了解，并对它们在经济增长中的作用机制进行深入分析，从而制定出适合我国国情和区域特点的科技战略。本文在现有经济增长理论的基础上，构建了包含科技投入要素的经济增长模型，选取2001—2012年中国科技统计数据，运用一阶差分动态面板模型，研究了自主研发、技术引进对经济增长的影响，得出了以下主要结论：①运用单位根检验和协整检验对模型中主要变量的平稳性和协整关系进行了验证，结果表明自主研发、技术引进投入与经济增长之间存在稳定的协整关系；②由于科技投入具有一定的时滞效应，通过考察自主研发存量与技术引进存量，发现在长期内自主研发和技术引进对经济增长有显著促进作用；③研究还发现,我国自主研发具有良好的应用能力，可以有效地应用于技术改造；④自主研发、技术引进对经济增长的影响表现出明显的地区差异行业差异:自主研发对我国三大区域的经济增长有显著正效应,技术引进只对西部与中部地区有显著正效应；自主研发与技术引进只对第一产业与第二产业有显著的促进作用，对第三产业并无明显的影响，我国科研投入不平衡、各地区技术水平和创新能力的差异可能是造成该现象的主要原因。最后，本文提出了促进科学技术与经济增长协调发展的政策建议：一是继续增加自主研发投入，完善科技企业孵化机制，同时在技术空白领域积极引进国外先进技术，，从而提高科研投入的利用效率；二是优化科研投入结构，加大对现代服务业与高新技术产业的投资力度，并根据不同地区的经济基础与科技水平制定不同的科技发展政策，最终提高经济增长的质量。
[Abstract]:With the arrival of the era of science and technology economy and the aggravation of international competition, countries in the world gradually realize the important role of science and technology in economic growth. As two main ways of technological progress, independent R & D (R & D) and technology introduction are becoming the engine of global economic growth. At the beginning of reform and opening up, the foundation of science and technology in our country was weak, and the progress of science and technology mainly depended on the introduction of foreign advanced technology. After more than 30 years of rapid economic growth, China has increased the intensity of scientific research investment, independent research and development has gradually become an important thrust of scientific and technological progress in China. Therefore, it is necessary to have a comprehensive understanding of the current situation of independent R & D and technology introduction in various regions of China, and to make a thorough analysis of their role mechanism in economic growth, so as to formulate a scientific and technological strategy suitable for the national conditions and regional characteristics of our country. On the basis of the existing economic growth theory, this paper constructs the economic growth model which includes the scientific and technological input elements, selects the Chinese science and technology statistics data from 2001 to 2012, and uses the first order differential dynamic panel model to study the independent research and development. The influence of technology introduction on economic growth is analyzed. The following main conclusions are drawn: 1. Using unit root test and cointegration test, the stationary and cointegration relationships of main variables in the model are verified. The results show that independent R & D is independent. There is a stable cointegration relationship between technology import investment and economic growth. 2. Due to the lag effect of technology investment, the independent R & D stock and technology import stock are investigated. It is found that independent R & D and technology introduction can significantly promote economic growth in the long term. The research also shows that independent R & D in China has good application capability and can be effectively applied to independent R & D of technological transformation. The influence of technology introduction on economic growth shows obvious regional differences: independent R & D has a significant positive effect on the economic growth of the three major regions of China, while technology introduction only has a significant positive effect on the western and central regions; Independent R & D and technology introduction can only promote the primary and secondary industries, but have no obvious impact on the tertiary industry. The investment in scientific research in China is unbalanced. The difference of technological level and innovation ability of different regions may be the main reason for this phenomenon. Finally, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions to promote the coordinated development of science and technology and economic growth: first, to continue to increase independent R & D investment, to improve the incubation mechanism of scientific and technological enterprises, and to actively introduce foreign advanced technologies in the field of technological blank. In order to improve the utilization efficiency of scientific research input, the second is to optimize the structure of scientific research investment, to increase investment in modern service industry and high-tech industry, and to formulate different scientific and technological development policies according to the economic base and scientific and technological level of different regions. Ultimately improve the quality of economic growth.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F124.3;F124.1;F224

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