江西省非木质林产品产业发展及其对区域林业及林农收入的影响研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 00:30

本文选题：非木质林产品 + 区域林业　；参考：《北京林业大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：进入21世纪,世界各国在森林资源和生态环境保护方面制定了一系列的政策。随着人们对森林多功能,特别是生态服务功能认识的逐步加深,面临森林资源数量的减少和质量的下降,实施森林资源可持续经营及管理已成为全球人类的共同目标。目前,随着人类社会的发展与进步和人们对各类自然资源认识的逐步深入,在森林资源中占有极为重要地位的非木质林产品资源的开发和利用已经受到世界各国的广泛关注和高度重视,如中药材、山野菜、油茶、竹类、食用菌类和野生动物蛋白等。非木质林产品在维持农户生计、生物多样性保护及出口贸易中有极其重要的作用。其开发利用不但为贫困地区的居民提供多种渠道的经济来源、就业机会以及食物和药材保障,同时,随着近几年非木质林产品产业产值的增加,其在优化林业产业结构,增加林业产值方面也发挥着越来越重要的作用。在此基础上,本文选取江西省作为研究对象,重点研究非木质开发开发利用对区域林业经济及林区农民收入的影响,以期构建非木质林产品产值增加及林农增收的利益驱动机制,并对当前江西省的非木质林产品利用的发展潜力展开综合评价,最后对目前的非木质林产品利用的政策制度体系进行分析,从中发现利用过程中存在的问题,并提出相应的完善对策。主要得出如下结论：第一,江西省可利用的非木材林产品几乎涵盖所有的产品类型,非木质林产品产业在全国具有比较优势,但是存在着诸如产业化发展水平较低、市场不健全等问题；第二,非木质林产品产业的发展,使得人们对森林资源的砍伐等初级利用明显下降,逐渐向非木质林产品的采集、种植、养殖的开发利用方式和发展生态旅游的森林资源高级利用方式转变,在带动林业第三产业发展的同时,又影响了当地第一、第二产业的发展,使得第一产业在林业总产值中所占比例降低,逐渐调整了林业三大产业在区域经济发展中的比重,通过改变原来相对单一的林业产业结构,促进了区域林业产值的增长及经济的发展。从整体来看,非木质林产品产业增加了林业产值,优化了林业产业结构,将有利于森林资源的可持续经营；第三,非木质林产品开发利用对农民收入有显著影响,增加了农民收入,扩大了区域间及区域内农民收入差距；第四,非木质林产品开发利用产业发展潜力巨大,有良好的发展基础,采取ST战略,辅助SO战略。本次研究不仅可以提高政府对非木质林产品开发利用的重视,而且将对发展林区经济、稳定农民收入、促进森林可持续经营起到积极的作用,本研究具有重要的理论和现实意义。
[Abstract]:In the 21 st century, countries all over the world have made a series of policies on the protection of forest resources and ecological environment. With the gradual deepening of people's understanding of the multifunction of forest, especially the function of ecological service, the sustainable management and management of forest resources has become the common goal of the whole world. At present, with the development and progress of human society and the gradual deepening of people's understanding of all kinds of natural resources, The development and utilization of non-woody forest products, which play an important role in forest resources, have been paid great attention to by many countries in the world, such as traditional Chinese medicine, wild herb, Camellia oleifera, bamboo, edible fungi and wild animal protein. Non-woody forest products play an important role in supporting farmers' livelihood, biodiversity conservation and export trade. Its development and utilization not only provide economic sources, employment opportunities, food and medicinal materials security for residents in poor areas, but also optimize the forestry industry structure with the increase of output value of non-woody forest products industry in recent years. Increasing forestry output value also plays a more and more important role. On this basis, this paper selected Jiangxi Province as the research object, focused on the impact of non-wood development and utilization on the regional forestry economy and farmers' income. In order to construct the benefit driving mechanism of increasing the output value of non-woody forest products and increasing the income of forest farmers, and to carry out a comprehensive evaluation on the development potential of non-woody forest products utilization in Jiangxi Province at present. Finally, this paper analyzes the current policy system of non-woody forest product utilization, finds out the problems existing in the process of utilization, and puts forward the corresponding perfect countermeasures. The main conclusions are as follows: first, the non-wood forest products available in Jiangxi Province cover almost all types of products. The non-wood forest products industry has comparative advantages in the whole country, but there exist such as low level of industrialization development. Second, the development of the non-woody forest products industry has led to a marked decline in the primary utilization of forest resources, such as deforestation, and gradually to the collection and planting of non-wood forest products. The transformation of the development and utilization of aquaculture and the advanced utilization of forest resources for developing eco-tourism not only drives the development of the forestry tertiary industry, but also affects the development of the local first and second industries. As a result, the proportion of the primary industry in the total output value of forestry has been reduced, and the proportion of the three major forestry industries in the regional economic development has been gradually adjusted. By changing the original relatively single forestry industrial structure, Promote the growth of regional forestry output value and economic development. On the whole, the non-woody forest product industry increases the forestry output value, optimizes the forestry industrial structure, will benefit the sustainable management of the forest resources; third, the development and utilization of the non-woody forest products have a significant impact on the farmers' income. It increases the income of farmers and widens the income gap between regions and regions. Fourthly, the development and utilization of non-woody forest products has great potential and has a good foundation for development. St strategy is adopted to assist so strategy. This study can not only increase the government's attention to the development and utilization of non-wood forest products, but also play an active role in developing forest economy, stabilizing farmers' income and promoting sustainable forest management. This study has important theoretical and practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F326.2;F323.8

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