我国农村居民内部收入差距测度及影响因素分析

发布时间：2019-04-18 12:07

【摘要】：收入差距问题一直是经济领域的研究重点，收入差距过大会产生各种消极影响。我国自改革开放以来经济发展取得了瞩目的成就，，人民生活得到了极大的提高，然而居民内部收入差距问题也显现出来，尤其是我国农村居民内部收入差距问题。农村居民内部收入差距扩大不仅会影响新农村建设，更会影响社会稳定，所以正确认识我国农村居民收入差距现状，把握收入差距扩大的影响因素和各项政策显得尤为重要。本文从纵向和横向两个角度对我国农村居民收入差距程度进行测算，纵向角度选取极差、极值差率、变异系数和基尼系数四个指标进行测算，在横向角度选取极差和泰尔指数两个指标进行测算，通过以上测算发现我国农村居民收入差距不仅在时序上呈扩大趋势，在区域上也呈现扩大趋势，农民收入来源的差异、农户自身条件的差异和区域间发展差异是导致我国农村居民收入差距扩大的主要因素。因此本文建议：健全农业支持保护制度，提高农民的家庭收入水平；大力发展非农产业，增加农民的工资性收入；提高农村劳动力素质，提升农村劳动力的就业水平和再就业能力；加强农民进城就业的服务体系建设，健全农民工保障机制；进一步推进区域经济协调发展。
[Abstract]:The problem of income gap has always been the focus of research in the economic field, and the income gap has a variety of negative effects. Since the reform and opening up to the outside world, China has made remarkable achievements in economic development, and the people's lives have been greatly improved. However, the problem of income gap among residents has also emerged, especially in the rural areas of China. The widening of the income gap among the rural residents will not only affect the construction of the new countryside, but also affect the stability of the society. Therefore, it is very important to correctly understand the current situation of the income gap of the rural residents in China and grasp the influential factors and various policies of the widening of the income gap. In this paper, the degree of income gap of rural residents in China is measured from the vertical and horizontal angles. The extreme value difference ratio, the variation coefficient and the Gini coefficient are selected as the four indexes to calculate the income gap of rural residents in China from the vertical point of view. From the horizontal angle, it is found that the income gap of rural residents in our country is not only expanding in time series, but also in the region, and the difference of income sources of farmers is also presented by selecting the extreme difference and the Terre index as two indexes to calculate the income of rural residents in our country. The difference of farmers' own conditions and regional development are the main factors leading to the widening of rural residents' income gap in China. Therefore, this paper suggests that: improve the agricultural support and protection system, improve the level of farmers' family income, vigorously develop non-agricultural industries, increase farmers' wage income; We should improve the quality of rural labor force, improve the employment level and re-employment ability of rural labor force, strengthen the construction of the service system of peasants' employment in cities, perfect the guarantee mechanism of peasant workers, and further promote the coordinated development of regional economy.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F323.8

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