从共识出发:“特惠”视角下产业政策的关键问题

发布时间：2018-01-25 23:47

本文关键词： 特惠产业政策区域政策反事实可考核性　出处：《探索与争鸣》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：近期国内学界就产业政策展开了激烈讨论,但远未达成共识。为了厘清概念并做深入的政策比较,从"特惠"视角的分析框架来看,产业政策是针对特定产业、产品和企业的优惠政策,而区域政策则是针对特定地区的优惠政策。产业政策会扭曲要素的产业间配置,要求决策者对各产业的发展前景都有准确把握,而决策层级越高,难度越大。区域政策尽管会导致区域间发展不平衡,但不会扭曲要素的产业间配置,故对决策者的信息要求较低。进一步,区域政策和地区层面的产业政策具有较好的替代性反事实,绩效比较容易考核,而中央层面的产业政策则难以考核。基于上述原因,区域政策和地方层面的产业政策对经济发展起到了重要的推动作用,而中央层面的产业政策却鲜见成功的案例,因此必须再认真深入研究。
[Abstract]:Recently the domestic academic circles have launched the intense discussion on the industrial policy, but have not reached the consensus far. In order to clarify the concept and make the in-depth policy comparison, from the perspective of "preferential" analysis framework, the industrial policy is aimed at the specific industry. Product and enterprise preferential policies, while regional policies are targeted at specific areas of preferential policies. Industrial policies will distort the inter-industry allocation of elements, requiring policymakers to have an accurate grasp of the development prospects of each industry. The higher the level of decision-making, the greater the difficulty. Although regional policy will lead to unbalanced development between regions, it will not distort the inter-industry allocation of elements, so the information requirements of decision-makers are lower. The regional policy and the industrial policy at the regional level have better alternative counterfactual, the performance is easier to assess, while the central level of the industrial policy is difficult to assess. Based on the above reasons. Regional policies and local industrial policies have played an important role in promoting economic development, while the central level of industrial policies have rarely seen successful cases, so we must study them carefully and deeply.
【作者单位】：复旦大学中国社会主义市场经济研究中心(CCES);复旦大学产业发展研究中心(FIND);
【基金】：教育部人文社科重点基地项目(14JJD790014) 国家自然科学基金(71373050)
【分类号】：F120
【正文快照】： 近期,国内学界就产业政策展开了激烈的辩论。尤其受人关注的是所谓的“林张之争”。林毅夫指出,尽管绝大多数产业政策在实践中是失败的,但跨国比较却表明,尚未见国家不使用产业政策而取得产业发展的成功案例。张维迎则对产业政策进行了尖锐的批评。在他看来,“产业政策就是穿

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