我国财政科技支出对自主创新的影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 01:28

本文选题：财政科技支出 + 自主创新　；参考：《福州大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：自主创新已成为推动一国经济和社会发展的重要推动力,世界各国都把自主创新投资作为一种战略性的投资方式,把发展自主创新作为提升本国竞争力的重要手段。政府科技投入是发达国家大力发展自主创新产业的普遍做法,也被作为衡量一国综合国力的重要指标。财政科技支出作为社会科技资金的主要来源之一,会对自主创新的发展产生一定的影响。通过借鉴其他学者的研究,本文选取财政科技支出的总体规模、区域结构和项目结构三个角度,综合探讨我国财政科技支出对自主创新的影响效应。文章采用理论分析与实证分析相结合的方法,对我国财政科技支出与自主创新的关系进行梳理。首先,从理论方面分析我国财政科技支出介入自主创新的必要性,为下文的实证分析奠定基础；其次,分别对我国财政科技支出和自主创新进行现状分析和实证分析,探究两者的关系和存在的问题；最后,从促进自主创新发展的角度出发,提出完善现行财政科技支出规模和结构的政策建议。理论与实证综合分析的结果显示,我国财政科技支出能够促进自主创新的发展：总体规模方面,财政科技支出的绝对规模和相对规模都能够促进自主创新的发展,而我国财政科技支出力度不够,增长不稳定,相对规模较低,制约了对自主创新的促进效应；区域结构方面,中部财政科技支出对自主创新的贡献率最大,西部次之,东部最小,中西部财政科技支出相对不足,长此以往不利于区域的协调发展：项目结构方面,研究与试验发展支出对自主创新发展的贡献率高于开发研究与服务支出的贡献率,而开发研究与服务支出相对过剩,挤占了研究与试验发展的经费,项目结构配置的不合理将影响到自主创新的后续发展。针对以上分析得出的结论和问题,以提高我国自主创新能力的视角出发,有针对性地提出优化财政科技支出规模和结构的政策建议：在总体规模方面,要加大财政科技支出力度,合理界定财政科技支出范围,建立财政科技支出稳定增长机制；在区域结构方面,保持中西部财政科技支出规模的适当增长,完善中央和地方财政科技支出管理体制；在项目结构方面,要加强研究与试验发展的投入,调整开发研究与服务支出。
[Abstract]:Independent innovation has become an important driving force to promote the economic and social development of a country. Countries all over the world regard independent innovation investment as a strategic investment mode and independent innovation development as an important means to enhance their competitiveness. Government investment in science and technology is a common practice of developing independent innovation industry in developed countries, and it is also regarded as an important index to measure a country's comprehensive national strength. As one of the main sources of social science and technology funds, the financial expenditure of science and technology will have a certain impact on the development of independent innovation. By referring to the research of other scholars, this paper selects the total scale, regional structure and project structure of fiscal science and technology expenditure to discuss the effect of fiscal science and technology expenditure on independent innovation. This paper combs the relationship between fiscal science and technology expenditure and independent innovation by means of theoretical analysis and empirical analysis. Firstly, it analyzes the necessity of our country's fiscal science and technology expenditure intervening in independent innovation from the theory aspect, establishes the foundation for the empirical analysis below; secondly, carries on the present situation analysis and the empirical analysis to our country finance science and technology expenditure and the independent innovation separately. Finally, from the perspective of promoting the development of independent innovation, the author puts forward some policy suggestions to improve the scale and structure of the current fiscal expenditure on science and technology. The results of theoretical and empirical analysis show that China's fiscal expenditure on science and technology can promote the development of independent innovation: in terms of overall scale, the absolute and relative scale of fiscal expenditure of science and technology can promote the development of independent innovation. But our country finance science and technology expenditure dynamics is not enough, the growth is unstable, the relative scale is relatively low, has restricted the promotion effect to the independent innovation, the central finance science and technology expenditure to the independent innovation contribution rate is the biggest in the regional structure, the west is the second. In the project structure, the contribution rate of research and experimental development expenditure to independent innovation development is higher than that of development research and service expenditure. However, the expenditure on research and service is relatively excessive, which accounts for the expense of research and experimental development, and the irrational allocation of project structure will affect the subsequent development of independent innovation. In view of the conclusions and problems of the above analysis, in order to improve the independent innovation ability of our country, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions to optimize the scale and structure of fiscal expenditure on science and technology: in the aspect of overall scale, It is necessary to increase the intensity of fiscal expenditure on science and technology, rationally define the scope of fiscal expenditure on science and technology, and establish a mechanism for steady growth of fiscal expenditure on science and technology. In terms of project structure, we should strengthen the investment in research and experimental development and adjust the expenditure on research and service.
【学位授予单位】：福州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F812.45;F124.3

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