土地制度对经济增长的影响研究

发布时间：2018-05-22 15:58

本文选题：土地 + 土地制度　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：经济发展是人类社会发展历程中的一条重要主线。在不同历史时期和不同社会制度下,土地制度改革都对经济发展产生了深远的影响。从世界发展史来看,各国重大社会转型和经济结构调整都与土地制度的调整关系密切。从中国发展史看,土地制度改革一直伴随着中国经济的改革和发展。新中国成立后,中国对土地制度进行了多次调整,由计划经济时期划拨土地逐步向土地市场化方向改革,激活了我国的市场经济。现阶段和未来一段时期,我国经济发展所遇到的瓶颈问题基本都与土地制度有着紧密的联系。因此,结合我国现实状况,加强土地制度对经济增长的影响研究,为转变经济发展方式提供重要的理论依据。本文在国内外学者相关研究的基础,选择从资源利用效率的角度来分析土地制度对经济增长的影响。以往人们对土地制度认识仅仅局限于狭义和广义的土地制度之分,却很少将土地与其他要素相结合考虑,使得所做研究不够深入全面。依据马克思的土地经济学原理,土地制度是保障土地这一基本的生产要素与其它生产要素优化配置而形成的有机体系。根据新的土地制度定义,将土地和制度因子引入新古典经济模型,通过数理推导,最终得到土地制度的改善能提高土地的利用效率,降低经济增长对土地的依赖,诱导产业结构调整,促进经济健康与发展。由于我国的土地制度的不完善,使得经济增长过程中土地利用效率不高,存在土地资源荒废和乱开发现象,并引发了一系列的社会问题。本文采用实证分析,宏观上从时间跨度的角度,利用时间序列模型的方法,微观模型从东中西部空间跨度上,采用面板模型的方法,实证分析土地制度完善对经济增长的影响是显著的,对不同地区经济增长的影响也存在着差异性。宏观模型从土地市场化角度出发,随着土地制度的完善,使得城市经济由主要靠划拨土地的国有经济发展逐步向依靠劳动密集的型的工业发展,政府在主导经济发展过程中对土地的依赖性逐步降低。微观模型针对不同地区,由于土地制的完善和政策落实程度不同,经济增长存在着差异性：东部地区的土地制度更为完善,由于土地的有限性,主要通过盘活存量土地来新增供地,土地的利用效率更高,经济增长主要依赖资本投入和技术创新；中部地区的经济增长对土地依赖性最高,政府对土地制度政策完善不够,存在着土地财政的现象；西部地区虽说土地市场化程度最低,但该地区地广人稀,土地制度对经济增长的影响力较弱。
[Abstract]:Economic development is an important thread in the development of human society. In different historical periods and different social systems, land system reform has a profound impact on economic development. From the world history of development, major social transformation and economic structure adjustment are closely related to the adjustment of land system. From the history of China's development, land system reform has been accompanied by the reform and development of China's economy. After the founding of New China, China has made many adjustments to the land system and gradually reformed the land allocation to land marketization during the planned economy period, thus activating the market economy of our country. At present and in the future, the bottleneck problems in China's economic development are closely related to the land system. Therefore, combining with the reality of our country, we should strengthen the research on the influence of land system on economic growth, and provide an important theoretical basis for changing the mode of economic development. Based on the research of scholars at home and abroad, this paper chooses to analyze the impact of land system on economic growth from the perspective of resource utilization efficiency. In the past, people's understanding of land system was limited to narrow sense and broad sense of land system, but the combination of land and other elements was seldom considered, which made the research not thorough and comprehensive enough. According to Marx's principle of land economics, land system is an organic system which ensures the optimal allocation of land as a basic factor of production and other factors of production. According to the new definition of land system, land and institutional factors are introduced into the neoclassical economic model. Through mathematical derivation, it is concluded that the improvement of land system can improve the efficiency of land use and reduce the dependence of economic growth on land. Induces the industrial structure adjustment, promotes the economic health and the development. Because of the imperfection of the land system in our country, the efficiency of land use is not high in the process of economic growth, and there exists the phenomenon of wasteland and disorderly exploitation of land resources, which leads to a series of social problems. In this paper, we use empirical analysis, macroscopically from the angle of time span, use the method of time series model, micro model from the space span of east, west, west and west, adopt the method of panel model. The effect of land system perfection on economic growth is significant, and the influence on economic growth in different regions is also different. From the angle of land marketization, the macro-model, with the improvement of land system, makes the development of urban economy gradually from state-owned economy which mainly depends on the allocation of land to labor-intensive industrial development. In the process of leading economic development, the government gradually reduced its dependence on land. The micro model is aimed at different regions, because of the different degree of land system and policy implementation, there are differences in economic growth: the land system in the eastern region is more perfect, and the land is limited. The land supply is increased mainly by invigorating the stock of land, the efficiency of land use is higher, the economic growth mainly depends on capital input and technological innovation, the economic growth in the central region is the most dependent on land, and the government policy on land system is not perfect enough. Although the degree of land marketization is the lowest in the western region, the land is sparsely populated and the influence of land system on economic growth is weak.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F301.1;F124.1

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