辽宁沿海经济带与腹地及东北亚产业联动研究

发布时间：2018-08-16 13:37

【摘要】：经济全球化和区域一体化是当今时代发展潮流。中国过去30多年的对外开放顺应了经济全球化的潮流。伴随着对外开放,中国制造业和服务业日益向接近国际市场的东部沿海地区集聚,中国的产业布局在空间上呈现出以东部沿海地区为中心、以内陆腹地为外围的“中心—外围”格局。对外开放改变了中国的产业空间布局,也加剧了区际产业差距,弱化了东部沿海地区与内陆腹地的产业联系。为促进区际产业协调发展,改变中国区际开放长期滞后于对外开放的现实,中国十八届三中全会提出,要构建对内对外开放相互促进的“开放型经济新体制”。这意味着区际开放已经上升到国家战略层面,经济开放的内涵不再仅限于对外开放。对中国这样由众多区域组成的大国而言,每个区域都有对外开放和区际开放两个维度,与之对应,产业联动也有内外两个空间维度。在二维开放条件下,推动区域产业内外联动发展,无疑对中国优化产业空间布局、促进区际产业协调和构建和谐社会具有重大的现实意义。但是,区域产业联动需要选择合适的研究主体和空间尺度,从而使研究结论具有代表性和普适性。本文以辽宁沿海经济带为例开展研究,这是因为辽宁沿海经济带拥有独特的区位条件,其产业联动有多重空间维度,包括与辽宁腹地、东北腹地和东北亚地区的产业联动。伴随着东北老工业基地振兴战略的深入实施和辽宁沿海经济带开发开放上升为国家战略,以辽宁沿海经济带为例进行研究不仅具有代表性,还具有很强的现实意义。在二维开放条件下,推动辽宁沿海经济带与内陆腹地和东北亚地区产业联动,不仅有利于辽宁沿海经济带在更大范围配置资源,增强自身经济发展的内生动力,而且也有利于促进东北经济区协调发展,形成互利共赢的对外开放格局。辽宁沿海经济带与内陆腹地及东北亚地区在资源禀赋、区位条件、产业发展、功能定位等方面存在很强的互补性,这构成了双方互动发展的客观基础。但目前双方产业联动发展尚处于初级阶段,双方产业合作潜力还没有完全发挥出来。为此,本文在借鉴国外产业联动经验基础上,构建了辽宁沿海经济带与内陆腹地及东北亚地区产业联动的模式,并提供了具体的实施路径。本文共分八章,具体安排如下：第一章论述本文的研究背景和意义、国内外研究现状、研究方法和结构安排、创新与不足。第二章从产业分工、产业集聚与产业转移三个方面对产业联动的相关理论进行了较为系统的回顾。第三章在二维开放条件下将辽宁沿海经济带的产业联动空间界定为辽宁腹地、东北腹地和东北亚地区三个层面,并在此基础上分析了上述区域的产业发展特征。第四章考查了辽宁沿海经济带与腹地及东北亚地区产业联动现状。研究发现,辽宁沿海经济带与辽宁腹地产业联动最为紧密,与东北腹地产业联动进展较快,与东北亚地区产业联动相对滞后。第五章基于行业和空间双重视角考查了国外典型的区际产业联动模式。一是从行业视角考查了美国区际产业分工模式和产业集聚扩散模式。研究发现,美国区际产业分工经历了从以部门间分工为主,向以部门内和产业链分工为主的转变,商品流动和区际贸易是导致这种转变的根本原因。美国制造业集聚中心经历了由东北部沿海地区渐次向中西部地区、西部和南部地区的转移,资本和劳动力等要素流动是推动产业跨区域转移的根本动力。二是从空间视角考查了美国东北沿海地区的点线面辐射带动模式和荷兰兰斯塔德地区的功能区联动发展模式,发现美国东北沿海地区产业联动呈现出由点到线、以线带面的逐步拓展特征,荷兰兰斯塔德地区呈现多中心城市围绕“绿心”进行布局的空间特征。第六章在借鉴国际经验的基础上,从产业分工、产业转移、功能区联动和点线面辐射带动四个方面构建辽宁沿海经济带产业联动模式。研究发现,辽宁沿海经济带与内陆腹地中的沈阳经济区、长吉图先导区、哈大齐工业走廊等经济发展水平接近的区域适宜采用水平型产业分工模式,与内陆腹地中其他经济发展水平较低的区域适宜采用垂直型产业分工模式,与东北亚地区适宜采用混合型产业分工模式。在产业转移模式中,辽宁沿海经济带与内陆腹地可以采用梯度转移模式,与东北亚地区可以采用“飞雁”模式。功能区联动模式是促进区际产业协调可持续发展的重要途径,辽宁沿海经济带与内陆腹地应该根据各区域资源环境承载能力、现有开发强度和未来发展潜力,确定不同的主体功能定位和发展方向,促进产业、人口、生态、资源等的相互协调和优化布局。在点线面辐射带动模式中,辽宁沿海经济带内部适宜采用以大连为核心的极核带动模式,辽宁省内适宜采用以大连和沈阳为双核的双轮驱动模式,东北经济区适宜采用轴带合作模式和由轴带合作演化而来的“扇形圈层辐射”模式。第七章对辽宁沿海经济带产业联动提供政策建议。在对区域联动模式进行梳理和归纳基础上,以注重实效、服务实际为原则,结合辽宁沿海经济带的实际情况,从产业分工、产业转移、功能区联动、交通网络构建等几个方面提出了具体的政策建议。第八章对全文进行总结,综述本文的主要结论。本文的创新之处主要有两点：第一,在二维开放的条件下研究区域产业联动,在已有研究中尚属空白。本文在这方面作出了尝试,从内陆腹地和东北亚地区两个空间维度拓展了辽宁沿海经济带的产业联动层次。第二,基于国际经验视角对辽宁沿海经济带区际产业联动模式进行设计。目前有关区域产业联动的研究,大都基于本区域发展实践的视角,缺乏全球化和国际视野。实际上,国外有关区际产业联动的实践早已起步,并取得诸多成功经验。因此,借鉴国际经验构建辽宁沿海经济带区际产业联动模式构成了本文的一个创新点。
[Abstract]:Economic globalization and regional integration are the development trend of the times. China's opening to the outside world over the past 30 years conforms to the trend of economic globalization. With the opening up, China's manufacturing and service industries are increasingly concentrated in the eastern coastal areas which are close to the international market. China's industrial layout presents the eastern coastal areas spatially. Opening to the outside world has changed China's industrial spatial distribution, aggravated the inter-regional industrial disparity and weakened the industrial relations between the eastern coastal areas and the Inland hinterland. The Third Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the People's Republic of China has proposed to build a "new open economic system" in which opening up to the outside world is mutually reinforcing.
For a large country like China, which is composed of many regions, each region has two dimensions of opening to the outside world and opening to the outside world. Correspondingly, industrial linkage also has two dimensions of internal and external space. It is of great practical significance to build a harmonious society. However, regional industrial linkage needs to choose the appropriate research subjects and spatial scales, so that the conclusions of the study are representative and universal. With the implementation of the Revitalization Strategy of the old industrial base in Northeast China and the development and opening up of the coastal economic belt in Liaoning Province, the study of the coastal economic belt in Liaoning Province is not only representative, but also of great practical significance.
Under the condition of two-dimensional opening-up, promoting the industrial linkage between Liaoning coastal economic belt and inland hinterland and northeast Asia region is not only beneficial to allocating resources in a wider range, enhancing the endogenous impetus of economic development of Liaoning coastal economic belt, but also conducive to promoting the coordinated development of Northeast Economic Zone and forming a mutually beneficial and win-win pattern of opening to the outside world. Ningxia coastal economic belt, inland hinterland and Northeast Asia have strong complementarity in resource endowment, location conditions, industrial development and functional orientation, which form the objective basis of mutual development between the two sides. Based on the experience of industrial linkage abroad, this paper constructs the model of industrial linkage between Liaoning coastal economic belt, inland hinterland and Northeast Asia, and provides the specific implementation path.
This article is divided into eight chapters, and the specific arrangements are as follows:
The first chapter discusses the background and significance of this study, the research status at home and abroad, research methods and structural arrangements, innovation and deficiencies.
The second chapter reviews the related theories of industrial linkage from three aspects: industrial division of labor, industrial agglomeration and industrial transfer.
Chapter 3 defines the industrial linkage space of Liaoning coastal economic belt as Liaoning hinterland, Northeast hinterland and Northeast Asia under the condition of two-dimensional opening, and analyzes the industrial development characteristics of the above-mentioned regions.
Chapter 4 examines the status quo of industrial linkage between Liaoning coastal economic belt, hinterland and Northeast Asia. It is found that the industrial linkage between Liaoning coastal economic belt and Liaoning hinterland is the closest, and the industrial linkage between Liaoning coastal economic belt and northeast hinterland is relatively slow.
Chapter Five examines the typical interregional industrial linkage models in foreign countries from the perspective of industry and space. First, it examines the interregional industrial division model and industrial agglomeration and diffusion model in the United States from the perspective of industry. Change, commodity flow and inter-regional trade are the fundamental reasons for this change. The U.S. manufacturing agglomeration center has undergone a gradual shift from the northeastern coastal areas to the central and Western regions, the western and southern regions, and the flow of capital and labor is the fundamental driving force to promote inter-regional industrial transfer. It is found that the industrial linkage in the northeastern coastal areas of the United States is characterized by gradual expansion from point to line and from line to plane. The Lanstad region of the Netherlands is characterized by the spatial distribution of multi-center cities around the "green heart".
Chapter 6, on the basis of international experience, constructs the industrial linkage model of Liaoning coastal economic belt from four aspects: industrial division, industrial transfer, functional area linkage and point, line and surface radiation. Horizontal industrial division mode is suitable for flat and close areas, vertical industrial division mode is suitable for other regions with lower economic development level in inland hinterland, and mixed industrial division mode is suitable for Northeast Asia. The linkage model of functional zones is an important way to promote the coordinated and sustainable development of inter-regional industries. Liaoning coastal economic belt and inland hinterland should determine different main function orientation and development according to the carrying capacity of regional resources and environment, current development intensity and future development potential. In the Point-line-plane radiation driving mode, the polar core driving mode with Dalian as the core is suitable for the coastal economic belt of Liaoning Province, the dual-wheel driving mode with Dalian and Shenyang as the core is suitable for Liaoning Province, and the axle-belt cooperation is suitable for the Northeast Economic Zone. Mode and the "sector circle radiation" pattern evolved from the axis belt cooperation.
Chapter 7 provides policy suggestions for the industrial linkage of Liaoning coastal economic belt.On the basis of combing and summarizing the regional linkage model,the paper puts forward concrete policies from the aspects of industrial division of labor,industrial transfer,functional area linkage and traffic network construction in combination with the actual situation of Liaoning coastal economic belt and the principle of paying attention to actual effect and serving reality. Suggestions.
The eighth chapter summarizes the full text and summarizes the main conclusions of this paper.
There are two main innovations in this paper.
Firstly, under the condition of two-dimensional opening up, there is still no research on regional industrial linkage. This paper has made an attempt in this respect, expanding the industrial linkage level of Liaoning coastal economic belt from two spatial dimensions of inland hinterland and Northeast Asia.
Secondly, the paper designs the interregional industrial linkage model of Liaoning coastal economic belt based on international experience. At present, the research on regional industrial linkage is mostly based on the perspective of regional development practice, lacking of globalization and international vision. Therefore, drawing on international experience to construct the interregional industrial linkage model of Liaoning coastal economic belt constitutes an innovation point of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F127

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