中国对外援助对孟加拉国生产部门发展的贡献
发布时间：2019-06-09 11:57
【摘要】：中国对外援助并不是一个新鲜的话题,人们已经从许多角度对其进行了内容丰富的讨论,且尚无定论。如今,中国已成为全球第二大经济体,并有望跃至全球第一,在这样的背景下,中国对外援助也就更加引人注目。从现有资料来看,大多数人在分析中国对外援助时都采用了传统援助国界定和推广的“知识产品”,包括(援助)援助国透明度、治理和环境承诺等。这些传统援助国主要来自经济合作与发展组织,它们将上述概念看作实现可持续发展的援助国援助国决定性因素,但对于发展中国家来说,这些决定性因素究竟应该是内生还是外生的,目前也没有成形的结论。包括中国在内的新兴援助国就提供了不一样的经验。对于中国来说,发展的决定性因素是内生的,并通过生产导向的经济发展战略得到强化。在自身的发展经验的基础上,中国的对外援助政策也就有了不干涉他国内政、重在支持经济活动的特点。 本研究评估了中国对孟加拉国的援助(下文简称“对孟援助”)。笔者采用定性研究方法分析了孟方有关接受外来援助的政府文献,并通过半结构式访谈收集了其他定性资料,为文献研究的结论提供了支持。访谈对象包括政府公务员、私人企业家、在孟中国商人、媒体工作者和政策研究者。本研究还对1971至2012年间政府援助的数据进行了分析,在部分案例中也使用了2013年的相关数据。 本文首先分析了中国对孟援助的动力因素,包括地缘经济、地缘政治以及中国相关的国内经济发展政策。其次,基于孟加拉国的五年规划与国家规划相关文件,对孟加拉国经济发展的优先战略进行了评估。进而考察了孟国内发展需求与中国援助的匹配情况。按照孟加拉国自身的界定,该国经济水平处于发展中国家与中等收入国家之间,其优先战略是通过发展生产部门来加速经济增长。在这种以增长为导向的目标驱使下,孟加拉国四处寻找资金,以弥补其在基础设施和其它经济发展方面的投入不足。第三,本研究分解了与生产力相关的经济发展决定性因素,并分析了中国对孟生产部门的援助在这些方面的贡献。此外还考察了中国在孟开展的援助工作,从协调与谈判的角度分析了它与其他地区对孟援助的差异。最后,本研究分析了中国对孟援助对生产部门发展的贡献程度。 研究发现,对于受援国来说,生产力发展的决定性因素会影响其对国外援助的偏好,进而影响决策过程。以孟加拉国为例,“生产力增长”、“知识产品”和“地缘经济前景”就影响了它接受国外援助的决策。文献研究结果显示,主要的援助国作为一个整体改变着孟加拉国对发展的需求。大多数情况下,援助机构既会同时考虑受援国发展的需求和自己的利益。研究还发现,如果不能促进产能或生产力的提高,知识产品将无法产生效果。 尽管近年来国外援助占国内生产总值的比重显著下降,但孟加拉国仍是一个严重依赖国外援助的国家。较之于知识产品,该国更需要对生产部门的援助支持。随着GDP的持续增长,孟加拉国正逐渐步入中等收入国家行列,因此需要在贸易和投资方面有显著的发展,而生产力提高在其中起着关键的作用。来自孟加拉国政府的文献资料表明,传统援助国更愿意支持其加速改革和结构调整,取得制度方面的发展,而不愿在产能方面提供支持。与之相比,中国的援助在很大程度上弥补了孟加拉国在生产投入和产能提高方面的资源不足。 研究发现,中国对孟援助大多是通过优惠贷款的形式,这一点与大部分来自经合组织的援助国十分不同。虽然孟加拉国的援助管理框架被经合组织与国际货币基金组织的标准和框架所主导,但中国的优惠贷款仍然在这些复杂的框架下为生产部门的发展做出了贡献。通过中-孟日益扩大的贸易和投资渠道,中国的优惠贷款等对外援助促进了科技知识的生产和传播。 一方面,中国对孟电力、电信和农业部门的援助弥补了它们的资金缺口；另一方面,中国在基础设施发展方面的知识和经验也促进了孟加拉国产能的提升。因此,中国对孟援助在提高产能和提供知识产品之间保持了一种平衡。
[Abstract]:China's foreign aid is not a fresh topic, and people have discussed it from many angles, and there is no verdict. China has now become the world's second-largest economy and is expected to jump to the first place in the world. In such a context, China's foreign aid is more striking. In the light of the available information, most people have adopted the "knowledge product" of the definition and promotion of traditional donors in the analysis of China's external assistance, including (assistance) donor countries' transparency, governance and environmental commitments. These traditional donors, mainly from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, see the above-mentioned concept as a decisive factor in the donor countries to achieve sustainable development, but for developing countries, these decisive factors should be endogenous or exogenous, No shaping conclusions are available at this time. Emerging donor countries, including China, have provided different experiences. For China, the decisive factor for development is endogenous and strengthened through the production-oriented economic development strategy. On the basis of its own development experience, China's foreign aid policy has the characteristics of not interfering with his internal affairs and supporting economic activity. The present study assessed China's assistance to Bangladesh (hereinafter referred to as" "assistance to Mencius" ") In this paper, the author uses the qualitative research method to analyze the government's literature on the acceptance of foreign aid, and through the semi-structured interview, the other qualitative data is collected, which provides a support for the conclusions of the literature study. Hold. Interviews include government civil servants, private entrepreneurs, Chinese businessmen, media workers and policy research in Mencius The study also analysed data from government assistance in the period 1971-2012, and in some cases the number of related figures for 2013 was also used This paper first analyzes the power factors of China's assistance to Mencius, including the geo-economy, the geo-politics and the related domestic economic development in China. Development policy. Secondly, based on the five-year plan of Bangladesh and national planning-related documents, the priority strategy for economic development in Bangladesh The assessment of the development needs of the country and the Chinese aid is also examined. In accordance with that definition of Bangladesh itself, the country's economic level is between develope and middle-income countries, with the priority strategy being accelerated through the development of the production sector. Economic growth. In this growth-oriented goal, Bangladesh is looking for funding to make up for its investment in infrastructure and other economic development Third, the study has broken down the determinants of productivity-related economic development and analysed China's assistance to the production sector in Bangladesh In addition, China has also inspected the assistance of China in the area of Mencius, and analyzed the assistance to Bangladesh from the point of view of coordination and negotiation. Finally, this study analyzed China's tribute to the development of the production sector. The study found that, for recipient countries, the decisive factor in the development of productivity would have an impact on their preferences for foreign aid and, in turn, In response to the decision-making process, by taking Bangladesh as an example, the "productivity growth", the "knowledge product" and the "Geopolitical outlook" have affected it and accepted abroad Decision-making on aid. The findings of the literature show that the main donor countries, as a whole, change the country's right to Development needs. In most cases, aid agencies will both take into account the needs of recipient countries and The study also found that knowledge products would not be available if productivity or productivity could not be promoted in spite of that significant decline in the share of foreign aid in recent years, Bangladesh is still a serious dependence Countries with foreign aid. It is more necessary for production than for knowledge products With the continued growth of GDP, Bangladesh is stepping into the ranks of middle-income countries, and there is a need for significant development in trade and investment, while productivity is improved. The data from the Government of Bangladesh show that traditional donors are more willing to support their accelerated reforms and structural adjustment and to achieve institutional development rather than in production In contrast, China's aid has largely made up for Bangladesh's increase in production and productivity The study found that most of China's aid to Mr. Mencius was in the form of a preferential loan, most of which came from the combined group While the aid management framework of Bangladesh is dominated by the standards and frameworks of the OECD and the International Monetary Fund, preferential lending in China is still under these complex frameworks The development of the door has contributed to the development of the door. Through the expanding trade and investment channel of China-Bangladesh, foreign aid such as preferential lending in China has promoted the Section. The production and dissemination of technical knowledge. On the one hand, China's assistance to the Mencius, telecommunications and agricultural sectors has made up for their funding gap; on the other hand, China's knowledge and experience in infrastructure development As a result, China's assistance to Bangladesh has increased production capacity and knowledge
【学位授予单位】：中国农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F125.4;F135.4
本文编号：2495539
[Abstract]:China's foreign aid is not a fresh topic, and people have discussed it from many angles, and there is no verdict. China has now become the world's second-largest economy and is expected to jump to the first place in the world. In such a context, China's foreign aid is more striking. In the light of the available information, most people have adopted the "knowledge product" of the definition and promotion of traditional donors in the analysis of China's external assistance, including (assistance) donor countries' transparency, governance and environmental commitments. These traditional donors, mainly from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, see the above-mentioned concept as a decisive factor in the donor countries to achieve sustainable development, but for developing countries, these decisive factors should be endogenous or exogenous, No shaping conclusions are available at this time. Emerging donor countries, including China, have provided different experiences. For China, the decisive factor for development is endogenous and strengthened through the production-oriented economic development strategy. On the basis of its own development experience, China's foreign aid policy has the characteristics of not interfering with his internal affairs and supporting economic activity. The present study assessed China's assistance to Bangladesh (hereinafter referred to as" "assistance to Mencius" ") In this paper, the author uses the qualitative research method to analyze the government's literature on the acceptance of foreign aid, and through the semi-structured interview, the other qualitative data is collected, which provides a support for the conclusions of the literature study. Hold. Interviews include government civil servants, private entrepreneurs, Chinese businessmen, media workers and policy research in Mencius The study also analysed data from government assistance in the period 1971-2012, and in some cases the number of related figures for 2013 was also used This paper first analyzes the power factors of China's assistance to Mencius, including the geo-economy, the geo-politics and the related domestic economic development in China. Development policy. Secondly, based on the five-year plan of Bangladesh and national planning-related documents, the priority strategy for economic development in Bangladesh The assessment of the development needs of the country and the Chinese aid is also examined. In accordance with that definition of Bangladesh itself, the country's economic level is between develope and middle-income countries, with the priority strategy being accelerated through the development of the production sector. Economic growth. In this growth-oriented goal, Bangladesh is looking for funding to make up for its investment in infrastructure and other economic development Third, the study has broken down the determinants of productivity-related economic development and analysed China's assistance to the production sector in Bangladesh In addition, China has also inspected the assistance of China in the area of Mencius, and analyzed the assistance to Bangladesh from the point of view of coordination and negotiation. Finally, this study analyzed China's tribute to the development of the production sector. The study found that, for recipient countries, the decisive factor in the development of productivity would have an impact on their preferences for foreign aid and, in turn, In response to the decision-making process, by taking Bangladesh as an example, the "productivity growth", the "knowledge product" and the "Geopolitical outlook" have affected it and accepted abroad Decision-making on aid. The findings of the literature show that the main donor countries, as a whole, change the country's right to Development needs. In most cases, aid agencies will both take into account the needs of recipient countries and The study also found that knowledge products would not be available if productivity or productivity could not be promoted in spite of that significant decline in the share of foreign aid in recent years, Bangladesh is still a serious dependence Countries with foreign aid. It is more necessary for production than for knowledge products With the continued growth of GDP, Bangladesh is stepping into the ranks of middle-income countries, and there is a need for significant development in trade and investment, while productivity is improved. The data from the Government of Bangladesh show that traditional donors are more willing to support their accelerated reforms and structural adjustment and to achieve institutional development rather than in production In contrast, China's aid has largely made up for Bangladesh's increase in production and productivity The study found that most of China's aid to Mr. Mencius was in the form of a preferential loan, most of which came from the combined group While the aid management framework of Bangladesh is dominated by the standards and frameworks of the OECD and the International Monetary Fund, preferential lending in China is still under these complex frameworks The development of the door has contributed to the development of the door. Through the expanding trade and investment channel of China-Bangladesh, foreign aid such as preferential lending in China has promoted the Section. The production and dissemination of technical knowledge. On the one hand, China's assistance to the Mencius, telecommunications and agricultural sectors has made up for their funding gap; on the other hand, China's knowledge and experience in infrastructure development As a result, China's assistance to Bangladesh has increased production capacity and knowledge
【学位授予单位】：中国农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F125.4;F135.4
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 王蕊;;我国对南亚国家援助应注意的几点问题[J];国际经济合作;2013年08期
，本文编号：2495539
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