发展经济学视域下中国传媒产业的功能及其发挥

发布时间：2018-06-20 22:10

本文选题：中国传媒产业 + 发展经济学　；参考：《江西财经大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：21世纪是信息社会与知识经济时代，信息和知识已成影响经济发展的关键变量，同时，科技的进步引领着新一轮的传播革命，传媒产业、通信产业、IT产业进一步交叉融合与联合发展，“大文化传媒业”成为信息、知识重要的生产者和传播者。中国“十二五”规划和中共“十八大”报告提出，要推动文化产业成为国民经济支柱性产业，“大力发展新闻出版、广播影视，构建现代传播体系，提高传播能力”。在这种产业政策调整、发展战略转移的背景下，传媒产业在社会经济中的地位和作用得以凸显。2013年中国新闻出版总署和国家广电总局合并组建了国家新闻出版广电总局，“大传媒时代”或将开启。特别是近年来，随着经济、文化体制改革的推进，中国传媒产业的发展环境得到较大改善，媒体竞争日益白热化，媒介形态逐步多元化，传媒整合渐趋产业化。2012年中国传媒产业的发展规模已超过德国跃居世界第三位，仅次于美国和日本。而2011年，以传媒业为主的中国文化产业总产值占GDP的比重首次超过3％，预计到2015年，这一数字将达5％，届时文化与传媒产业将成为真正的支柱产业。大力发展文化传媒产业，有助于“经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设以及生态文明建设”，推动国家崛起与复兴。然而，目前中国传媒产业发展仍面临不少障碍，如政府干预过多、市场发育不健全、核心竞争力欠缺、高层次人力资本不足、城乡和区域发展不平衡、国际传播与贸易能力较弱等，这些因素妨碍该产业做大做强，也影响着传媒产业功能的发挥与实现。关于大众传播在社会经济发展中的功用，发展传播学研究者做了不少探讨，但因为没有专门借鉴经济学的范式，这一研究未能延展下去。传媒经济学的研究虽然引入了经济学理论，但集中于研究传媒产业内部的问题，较少深入分析传媒产业在促进国家经济发展方面的具体功能。而发展经济学的研究者虽然强调知识和信息在经济发展中的重要性，关注信息化、知识经济等问题，但受学科视野所限，也很少直接论及传媒产业。本选题介于发展传播学、传媒经济学和发展经济学三者之间，侧重从发展经济学视角出发，试图探讨传媒产业的功能及其发挥问题。通过梳理相关理论并进行经验检验，本文认为传媒产业促进经济发展的运行机制是双轨式的，一方面是通过作为市场经济中的产业形态（经营活动）直接开创经济行为，并利用产业关联效应，形成和壮大作为GDP重要组成部分的传媒经济产值；另一方面是通过作为载体形态的传播媒介（采编内容）在信息传播、监督协调、教育社会等方面的作用对经济主体施加影响，，以减少信息不对称、降低交易成本、引发制度变迁、提高人力资本等，进而影响经济发展。在借鉴发展经济学的分析框架，参考传播学、传媒经济学的相关理论，并结合国内外传媒产业实践经验的基础上，本文用定性与定量的分析方法，提出了中国传媒产业具有的7大功能：制度演进功能，可以推动正式与非正式制度变迁，促进制度的经济价值的发挥；市场调节功能，可以激活和规范市场的资源配置，带动市场经济有序发展；技术推进功能，可以促进现代技术的创新与扩散，加速经济发展方式转变；人力开发功能，可以推动教育发展、传播健康知识，促进人力资本的提高；三农服务功能，可以促进传统农业改造和农民致富发展，推动新农村建设；环境向导功能，可以带动低碳环保和循环经济，促进经济社会可持续发展；国际营销功能，可以促进对外贸易和跨国传播，推动国际经济新秩序的建立。尽管中国传媒产业拥有这些功能，但在制度、技术、人力资本、全球化等影响传媒产业功能发挥的因素上，中国传媒产业处于相对弱势。政府对传媒的管制较为严格、传媒产业城乡和区域发展不平衡、传媒技术缺乏自主知识产权、优质传媒人力资本稀缺、国际传播能力较低，这些现实困境严重制约着中国传媒产业功能的实现。为此，应转变政府职能、增加制度供给；强化市场作用，促进资源配置；改进传媒技术，推动产业升级；开发人力资本，提高从业者素质；加快走出国门，打造外向竞争力。这些路径的选择，将有助于中国传媒产业的发展及其功能的发挥。此外，中国传媒产业应根据世界传媒功能的发展趋势以及中国的实际需求，重点发挥出服务体制改革与国家转型、服务经济社会可持续发展、服务国人的自由全面发展等作用。
[Abstract]:The twenty-first Century is the information society and the knowledge economy era, information and knowledge have become the key variables that affect the economic development. At the same time, the progress of science and technology leads the new round of communication revolution, the media industry, the communication industry, the IT industry further cross integration and joint development, "the big culture media industry" is the information, the important producer and dissemination of knowledge. The Chinese "12th Five-Year" plan and the "eighteen major" report of the Communist Party of China put forward that the cultural industry should be promoted to become the pillar industry of the national economy. "Press and publish, broadcast, film and television, build modern communication system and improve communication ability". Under the background of industrial policy adjustment and development strategy transfer, the media industry is socioeconomic The status and role of the Chinese press and Publication Administration (.2013) and the State Administration of radio, radio and television (SARFT) merged and formed the State Administration of news and radio and television (SARFT), "the era of big media" or will be opened. In recent years, with the promotion of the economic and cultural reform, the environment of the development of the media industry in China has been greatly improved, and the media competition is becoming increasingly white. Heat, media form gradually diversify, media integration gradually industrialization in.2012 years, China's media industry has become more than third in the world, second only to the world, second only to the United States and Japan. In 2011, the proportion of Chinese cultural industry with the major media industry for the first time accounted for more than 3% of the total value of GDP, which is expected to reach 5% by 2015. Culture and media industry will become a real pillar industry. The development of cultural media industry will contribute to "economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, social construction and ecological civilization construction" to promote the rise and revival of the country. However, the development of China's media industry is still facing many obstacles, such as too much government intervention and market development. Is not perfect, lack of core competitiveness, lack of high-level human capital, rural and regional development is not balanced, international communication and trade ability is weak, these factors hinder the industry bigger and stronger, but also affect the use and implementation of media industry function.
With regard to the function of mass communication in social and economic development, the researchers of development communication have done a lot of discussion. But because there is no special paradigm of economics, this research has not been extended. Although the research of media economics has introduced economic theory, it concentrates on the study of the internal problems in the media industry and less in-depth analysis of the media. While the researchers of development economics have emphasized the importance of knowledge and information in the economic development, attention to information and knowledge economy, but limited by the field of vision, and rarely directly on the media industry. This selection is in the middle of development communication, media economics and development. Between the three, the author tries to explore the functions and problems of the media industry from the perspective of development economics. By combing the relevant theories and conducting empirical tests, this paper holds that the operation mechanism of the media industry to promote economic development is a double track, on the one hand it is through the industry form in the market economy (business activities) straight. To start the economic behavior, and to make use of the industrial association effect to form and expand the economic output value of the media as an important part of the GDP; on the other hand, it exerts influence on the economic subject by the role of information dissemination, supervision and coordination, and the educational society, in order to reduce information asymmetry and reduce the information asymmetry. Low transaction costs caused by institutional change, improve human capital, thereby affecting economic development.
Referring to the analytical framework of development economics, referring to the related theories of communication and media economics, and on the basis of the practical experience of the domestic and foreign media industry, this paper uses qualitative and quantitative analysis methods to put forward the 7 functions of the Chinese media industry: the function of the evolution of the system, which can promote the changes of formal and informal institutions and promote the promotion of the formal and informal institutions. The exertion of the economic value of the system; the function of market regulation can activate and standardize the allocation of resources in the market and promote the orderly development of the market economy; the technological advance function can promote the innovation and diffusion of modern technology and accelerate the transformation of the mode of economic development; the function of human development can promote the development of education, disseminate health knowledge and promote human resources. The improvement of capital, the service function of the three rural areas can promote the transformation of traditional agriculture and the development of the farmers and promote the construction of the new countryside. The function of the environment guide can drive low carbon environmental protection and circular economy and promote the sustainable development of the economy and society, and the international marketing function can promote foreign trade and transnational communication and promote a new international economic order. Although China's media industry has these functions, the media industry in China is relatively weak in the factors that affect the functions of the media industry, such as system, technology, human capital and globalization. The government is relatively strict in the control of the media, the imbalance in the urban and rural and regional development of the media industry, the lack of independent intellectual property rights in media technology, and the quality of quality. The media human capital is scarce and the ability of international communication is low. These realistic predicaments seriously restrict the realization of the function of Chinese media industry. Therefore, we should change the functions of the government, increase the supply of the system, strengthen the role of the market, promote the allocation of resources, improve the media technology, promote the upgrading of the industry, develop the human capital and improve the quality of the practitioners. The choice of these routes will help the development of China's media industry and its function. In addition, China's media industry should give full play to the reform of the service system and the national transformation, and serve the sustainable development of the economy and society in accordance with the development trend of the world media function and the actual needs of China. The role of free and all-round development of the people.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G206-F

【参考文献】