科技企业孵化器绩效评价研究

发布时间：2018-07-02 19:44

本文选题：科技企业孵化器 + 绩效评价　；参考：《安徽大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：科技企业孵化器在我国发展迅速,进行科技企业孵化器绩效评价研究既有现实和理论上的需要,也有宏观和微观上的需要。孵化器绩效评价不仅应包括对“绩”(业绩)评价,更应该包涵对“效”(实现这一业绩的效率)的评价。以往研究主要关注的是孵化器“绩”的表现,而对孵化器“效”的关注不够,甚至将科技企业孵化器的巨大投入也算做其工作绩效,这一做法有失公允。本文依据组织理论来分析科技企业孵化器绩效评价产生的理论根源,基于孵化器的核心价值,采用德尔菲法以DEA的“投入一产出”为原则构建了一个侧重反映科技企业孵化器运行效率的关键绩效指标体系,该指标体系兼顾了过程与结果的平衡。科技企业孵化器在建设和发展过程中的资源投入按其形态可分为人力资源、物质资源和资金资源3类,正是在这3类资源的相互作用下,孵化器效益才得以产生,而这种产出效益按其性质又可以被分为社会效益、运营效益和经济效益3类。因此,投入层指标分别从人力资源投入、资金投入和物质资源投入等3个方面选取,人力资源作为孵化器运转的核心要素将会受到着重考察。产出层指标将由社会效益、经济效益和运营效益3类指标构成。本研究的基础数据来源于2009-2011年度的《安徽省科技企业孵化器统计年报》,2008-2011年《安徽省科技统计公报》以及相关政府部门网站公布的信息,这些资料主要是作者本人借助参与《安徽省科技企业孵化器“十二五”发展规划研究》课题的机会,通过索要、实地调研等方式获得的。其中,统计年报涵盖有安徽省50家孵化器在2009-2011年间的相关统计数据①。剔除数据缺失的部分年度样本,基于投入导向型的DEA(BCC)模型对132个年度样本数据运用DEAP2.1软件进行处理,以期为科技企业孵化器绩效现状分析提供数据支撑。通过对综合效率值的分析,可以发现,投入产出不匹配是安徽省大多数孵化器不得不面对的现实问题。为有针对性地展开分析,降低问题讨论的复杂性,借助SPSS统计工具以纯技术效率值和规模效率值(SE)为变量绘制132个样本数据的散点图,进而将样本划分成配置低效型、完全低效型、规模低效型和相对高效型4类,根据相应类型孵化器的问题,认为应该通过调整投入组合结构和生产规模状态来提升孵化器运行效率。DEA超效率模型分析的结果可以解决有效孵化器的排序问题以及为资源稀缺性分析提供数据支持。结合相关统计数据,对安徽省科技企业孵化器绩效问题的产生原因进行深层次思考和分析,可以将孵化器绩效不佳的原因归类为经营体制与管理模式的滞后、人才队伍力量薄弱、绩效评价与激励约束机制不健全和财政资源供需矛盾等四大类,最后提出了相应的对策建议。
[Abstract]:The scientific and technological business incubator is developing rapidly in our country. The research on the performance evaluation of the technology business incubator has both realistic and theoretical needs, and there are both macro and micro needs. The evaluation of incubator performance should include not only the evaluation of performance (performance), but also the evaluation of "efficiency" (efficiency of achievement). The main concern is the performance of the incubator "performance", but not enough attention to the "efficiency" of the incubator, and even the huge investment of the technology business incubator to do its work performance, which is unfair.
Based on the organizational theory, this paper analyzes the theoretical roots of the performance evaluation of the business incubator. Based on the core value of the incubator, Delphy Fa constructs a key performance index system focusing on the efficiency of the business incubator of science and technology based on the "input output" of DEA. The index system takes into account the process and the process. In the process of construction and development, the resources input in the process of construction and development can be divided into 3 categories: human resources, material resources and capital resources. It is only under the interaction of these 3 kinds of resources that the benefits of incubators can be generated, and this output benefit can be divided into social benefits, operating benefits and classics according to their sex quality. There are 3 kinds of economic benefits. Therefore, the index of input layer is selected from 3 aspects, such as human resource input, capital input and material resource input, and human resources as the core elements of the operation of incubator will be investigated emphatically. The output layer index will be composed of 3 kinds of indexes, social benefit, economic benefit and operation benefit.
The basic data of this study came from the annual report of the Anhui science and technology business incubator in 2009-2011, the 2008-2011 year "Anhui provincial science and Technology Statistics Bulletin" and the information published by the relevant government departments website. These data are mainly the author himself with the help of the "12th Five-Year" development planning research project of "the incubator of science and technology enterprise of Anhui province". The statistical annual report covers the statistical data of 50 Anhui incubators in 2009-2011 years, excluding some annual data of the 2009-2011 years, excluding the missing data, and based on the input oriented DEA (BCC) model to deal with 132 annual sample data by DEAP2.1 software. Through the analysis of the comprehensive efficiency value, it can be found that input-output mismatch is the realistic problem that most incubators in Anhui province have to face. It is targeted to expand the analysis, reduce the complexity of the discussion of the problem, with the help of the SPSS technical efficiency value and scale of the YISHION statistical tool. The efficiency value (SE) draws the scatter plot of 132 sample data for the variable, and then divides the samples into 4 types of low efficiency, completely inefficient, low efficiency and relatively efficient. According to the problem of the corresponding type of incubator, it is believed that the operation efficiency of incubator should be improved by adjusting the input structure and production scale to improve the.DEA super efficiency model of the operating efficiency of the incubator. The results of model analysis can solve the sequencing problem of effective incubators and provide data support for resource scarcity analysis.
Combined with the relevant statistical data, the causes of the problem of the business incubator performance in Anhui province are deeply thought and analyzed. The reasons for the poor performance of the incubator can be classified as the lag of the management system and management mode, the weak force of the talent team, the unsound performance evaluation and the incentive and restriction mechanism and the contradiction between the supply and demand of financial resources and so on. In the four major categories, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F276.44

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