企业技术创新过程中竞争情报与隐性知识的协同机理研究

发布时间：2018-08-05 17:57

【摘要】：21世纪是知识经济的时代,企业之间的竞争也日益激烈。企业所掌握的核心技术是企业之间竞争的关键,企业只有不断地对产品进行技术创新,才能保证该企业在竞争激烈的市场大环境中免遭淘汰,保证企业的长足发展。竞争情报与知识管理作为企业竞争力提升的两种不同方法存在,一个重在企业外在环境的监测、一个重在内部知识的序化组织,共同作用于企业技术创新。在企业的知识管理实践中,隐性知识管理落后是造成企业技术创新能力低下的根本原因,知识尤其是隐性知识被认为是最有价值的战略性资源。而竞争情报则强调发挥从业人员的主观作用,主要通过收集、分析、有效地组织企业外部的显性知识,从而使其发挥作用。在竞争情报活动中,深藏于员工头脑和行为中的比如情感、直觉和经验等隐性知识并不是作为研究对象,仅仅作为一种方法对待。因此,本篇文章将知识管理进行细化,从隐性知识的角度出发,深刻揭示竞争情报、隐性知识与技术创新之间的协同机理,寻求竞争情报、隐性知识对技术创新的正向促进,从而使企业在实践中能够参考借鉴更多的理论依据,不断提升企业的技术创新能力以及持续优化技术创新成效。本文在前人研究基础上,分别借鉴基于竞争情报的技术创新过程的理论分析和模型构建和基于知识管理的技术创新过程的理论分析和相关模型,综合前面两种模型,通过对竞争情报、知识管理中的隐性知识和企业技术创新三者关系作用机理的文献梳理,致力于探讨三者之间的互动作用,提出企业技术创新过程中竞争情报和隐性知识协同模型。然后从实证的角度,通过向相关企业的员工发放调查问卷获得研究数据,并运用SPASS17.0和AM0S17.0软件对回收数据进行相应处理,总结并验证了前面所构建的协同模型。通过竞争情报的规划、搜集、分析和服务等过程,整合企业的情报资源,系统地收集和分析处于不断变化的与企业技术创新相关的有用信息;其次,通过隐性知识的获取、转化、共享和应用等过程对企业的知识资源进行整合,从而推动企业知识创新,为企业的技术创新提供基础性资源条件。最后,企业竞争情报和隐性知识的协同对技术创新存在正向促进作用。这种协同体现在竞争情报和隐性知识各自微观层面的融合,最终实现一加一大于二的促进作用。本文在研究结论的基础上,分别从企业竞争情报和隐性知识相互融合的角度,对如何提升企业技术创新能力提出了相应的建议。并期望在后续的研究中,拓展当前的研究领域,形成更完整的竞争情报、隐性知识和技术创新的研究体系框架,为企业提升创新能力提供更多的思路。
[Abstract]:The 21st century is the era of knowledge economy, the competition among enterprises is becoming increasingly fierce. The core technology mastered by the enterprise is the key to the competition between the enterprises. Only when the enterprise continuously carries on the technical innovation to the product, can the enterprise avoid being eliminated in the competitive market environment and ensure the rapid development of the enterprise. Competitive intelligence and knowledge management are two different methods to enhance the competitiveness of enterprises. One is the monitoring of the external environment of enterprises, the other is the organization of internal knowledge, which acts on the technological innovation of enterprises. In the practice of knowledge management in enterprises, the lag of tacit knowledge management is the root cause of the low technological innovation ability of enterprises. Knowledge, especially tacit knowledge, is considered as the most valuable strategic resource. The competitive intelligence emphasizes the subjective role of the employees, mainly through collecting and analyzing, effectively organizing the explicit knowledge outside the enterprise, so as to make it play its role. In competitive intelligence activities, tacit knowledge, such as emotion, intuition and experience, which is hidden in the employee's mind and behavior, is not a research object, but only treated as a method. Therefore, this article refines knowledge management, from the angle of tacit knowledge, deeply reveals the cooperative mechanism between competitive intelligence, tacit knowledge and technological innovation, and seeks for competitive intelligence, the positive promotion of tacit knowledge to technological innovation. So that enterprises can refer to more theoretical basis in practice, constantly improve the technological innovation ability of enterprises and continuously optimize the technological innovation results. On the basis of previous studies, this paper draws on the theoretical analysis and model construction of the technological innovation process based on competitive intelligence and the theoretical analysis and related models of the technological innovation process based on knowledge management, and synthesizes the former two models. Through combing the literature on the relationship mechanism of competitive intelligence, tacit knowledge in knowledge management and enterprise technological innovation, the paper is devoted to discussing the interaction between the three. A collaborative model of competitive intelligence and tacit knowledge in the process of technological innovation is proposed. Then from an empirical point of view, through the distribution of questionnaires to the employees of related enterprises to obtain the research data, and use SPASS17.0 and AM0S17.0 software to deal with the recovery data, summed up and verified the previous collaborative model. Through the process of competitive intelligence planning, collecting, analyzing and serving, integrating the information resources of the enterprise, systematically collecting and analyzing the useful information related to the technological innovation of the enterprise. Secondly, through the acquisition of tacit knowledge, In the process of transformation, sharing and application, the enterprise's knowledge resources are integrated, thus promoting the enterprise's knowledge innovation and providing the basic resource conditions for the enterprise's technological innovation. Finally, the cooperation of competitive intelligence and tacit knowledge has a positive effect on technological innovation. This kind of synergy is embodied in the integration of competitive intelligence and tacit knowledge at the micro level, and finally the promotion of one plus one is greater than two. On the basis of the research conclusions, this paper puts forward some suggestions on how to improve the technological innovation ability of enterprises from the angle of the fusion of competitive intelligence and tacit knowledge. In the following research, we hope to expand the current research field and form a more complete research framework of competitive intelligence, tacit knowledge and technological innovation, so as to provide more ideas for enterprises to enhance their innovation ability.
【学位授予单位】：天津工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F273.1

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