住房负担对城市就业影响效应研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 04:38

本文选题：住房负担 + 城市就业　；参考：《南京大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：在我国新城镇化的过程中,流动人口占城镇总人口比重越来越大,流动人口问题已成为社会关注的焦点。近年来,房价上涨的幅度超过了居民收入上涨的幅度,导致了居民住房负担的加重。特别是对于农业转移人口而言,住房问题是其能否扎根城市、融入城市的关键因素,也是影响其就业决策的重要因素。因此,住房负担的加重会对城市就业产生何种影响,这是本文关注的焦点。本文将“房价收入比”作为住房负担的衡量指标,对新经济地理学模型进行拓展,发现区域间住房负担差异导致城市流动劳动人口的就业转移,从而影响了城市就业。在此基础上,利用动态面板数据模型对2003—2010年中国35个大中城市进行实证检验,结果发现城市间相对住房负担的增加,导致了相对就业人数减少,降低了城市相对就业率。并且,考虑了名义工资的上涨因素后,房价上涨所带来的住房负担增加对城市就业影响的挤出效应相对减小。对第二、三产业的深度分析表明,住房负担对第二、三产业流动劳动人口的挤出效应明显；从不同区域层面分析,住房负担问题对东中部地区城市就业影响较为突出,西部地区住房负担问题并不明显。由此可见,制定科学合理的住房市场调控政策,控制房价过快上涨,加大对城市流动劳动人口,特别是低收入流动劳动人口的的住房保障力度,是缓解城市住房负担,促进劳动力合理配置,提升城市就业率的必要措施。
[Abstract]:In the process of new urbanization in China, the proportion of floating population in the total population of cities and towns is increasing. The problem of floating population has become the focus of social concern. In recent years, the rise of house prices has exceeded the increase of residents' income, resulting in the aggravation of the housing burden of residents. Especially for the agricultural transfer population, the housing problem is its ability It is the focus of this article that the key factors of urban employment are not rooted in the city, but also the key factors that affect their employment decisions.
This paper takes "the ratio of house price and income" as a measure index of housing burden, expands the new economic geography model, finds that the difference of housing burden between regions leads to the employment transfer of urban migrant workers, and thus affects urban employment. On the basis of this, the dynamic panel data model is used for the 35 large and medium cities of China from 2003 to 2010. The results show that the increase of relative housing burden between cities leads to the decrease of relative employment and lower urban relative employment rate. And, after considering the rising factors of nominal wages, the extrude effect of housing burden on the urban employment effect is relatively reduced. The depth of the second, third industry is deep. The analysis shows that the effect of housing burdens on the second, third industry mobile population is obvious. From the different regional level, the housing burden has a more prominent impact on the urban employment in the eastern and central regions, and the housing burden is not obvious in the western region.
Therefore, it is necessary to formulate a scientific and reasonable housing market regulation policy, control the rapid rise of the house price, and increase the housing security of the urban migrant workers, especially the low income working population, which is the necessary measure to alleviate the burden of urban housing, promote the rational allocation of the labor force and improve the employment rate of the city.

【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F249.21;F299.23

【参考文献】